Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences

Cilt Tipleri ve İhtiyaçlara Göre Dermakozmetik Ürün Önerilmesinde Eczacının Rolü ve Nanokozmetikler: Geleneksel Derleme
The Role of Pharmacist in Consulting Dermacosmetic Products According to Skin Types and Needs and Nanocosmetics: Traditional Review
Şebnem KOŞARa, Meliha EKİNCİb, A. Alper ÖZTÜRKa
aAnadolu Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmasötik Teknoloji ABD, Eskişehir, Türkiye
bEge Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Radyofarmasi ABD, İzmir, Türkiye
J Lit Pharm Sci. 2022;11(2):119-35
doi: 10.5336/pharmsci.2022-88399
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Resmî Gazete'de 30 Mart 2005 tarihinde yayımlanan, 5324 sayılı Kozmetik Kanunu'na göre; vücudun dış bölgelerine (saçlar, epiderma, kıllar, tırnaklar, dudaklar, ağız mukozası, dişler ve dış genital organlar gibi) uygulanan, temel amacı bu vücut kısımlarının temizlenmesi, görünümünün değiştirilmesi veya düzeltilmesi, vücut kokularının giderilmesi olan preparatlar kozmetik ürün olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Kozmesötik terimi ya da kozmesötik içeren ürün ise kozmetik ve farmasötik terimlerinin kombinasyonu sonucu üretilmiş olan, ilaca benzer etkileri olduğu iddia edilen ve biyolojik olarak aktif bileşenlere sahip kozmetik ürünler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Dermakozmetik ürün veya kozmesötik; özellikle deri ve deri uzantısı olan saç, tırnak gibi vücudun çeşitli bölgelerinin görünümünü değiştirmek, düzenlemek, var olan kusurların iyileştirilmesi ve sağlıklı görünümün elde edilmesi adına kullanılan, dermatolojik ve kozmetik işlevi bulunan tüm madde ve preparatlardır. Bu alanda eğitim almış ve yetkinliğe sahip eczacılar; akneli, hassas, çok kuru, atopiye eğilimli, kırışık ve lekeli deri için hastalara uygun dermakozmetik ürün önerilmesinde önemli role sahiptir. Eczacı tarafından hastaların dermatolojik problemleri ve cilt tipi profilleri göz önüne alınarak uygun bakım rutinleri oluşturulmaktadır. Bakım rutinleri içerisinde uygun temizleyici, tonik, nemlendirici, güneşten koruyucu, leke ve kırışıklık önleyici ürünler yer almaktadır. Bu derleme, güncelliğini koruyan dermakozmetik ürünler hakkında önemli bir kaynak niteliğindedir. Bu derlemede, deri ve derinin yapısı, dermakozmetik ürünlerin deriden penetrasyonu, cilt tipleri, dermatolojik problemler ve cilt tipi ve dermatolojik problemlere göre önerilebilecek dermakozmetik ürünler ve nanokozmetikler hakkında detaylı bilgi verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Dermakozmetik ürün; kozmesötik; deri
ABSTRACT
 According to the Cosmetic Law No. 5324 published in the Official Gazette on March 30, 2005; preparations applied to external parts of the body (such as hair, epidermis, hairs, nails, lips, oral mucosa, teeth and external genital organs), whose main purpose is to clean these body parts, change or correct their appearance, and remove body odors, are defined as cosmetic products. The term cosmeceutical or the product containing cosmeceuticals is defined as cosmetic products that are produced as a result of the combination of the terms cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, that are claimed to have drug-like effects and that have biologically active components. Dermacosmetic product or cosmeceutical; these are all substances and preparations with dermatological and cosmetic functions that are used to change and regulate the appearance of various parts of the body, especially the skin and skin extensions such as hair and nails, to improve existing defects and to achieve a healthy appearance. Pharmacists who are trained and competent in this field have an important role in recommending suitable dermacosmetic products to patients with acne, sensitive, very dry, atopy-prone, wrinkled and stained skin. Appropriate care routines are created by the pharmacist, taking into account the dermatological problems and skin type profiles of the patients. Care routines include suitable cleansers, tonics, moisturizers, sunscreens, and anti-blemish and anti-wrinkle products. This review is an important resource about dermacosmetic products that are up-to-date. In this review, detailed information is given about skin and its structure, penetration of dermacosmetic products through the skin, skin types, dermatological problems and dermacosmetic products that can be recommended according to skin type & dermatological problems and nanocosmetics.

Keywords: Dermacosmetic product; cosmeceutical; skin
REFERENCES:
  1. Lemper M, Barel AO, Paye M, Maibach HI. Baby care products. In: André OB, Marc P, Howard IM, eds. Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology. 2nd ed. United Kingdom: Informa.; 2009. p.1.
  2. Resmî Gazete (30.3.2005, Sayı: 25771) Kozmetik Kanunu; 2005. [Link] 
  3. Mitsui T. Cosmetics and skin. New Cosmetic Science. 1st ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1997. p.5.
  4. Vaishali K, Ashwini C, Kshitija D, Digambar N. Cosmeceuticals an emerging concept: A comprehensive review. International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry. 2013;3(2):308-16. [Link] 
  5. Draelos ZD. Implementation of cosmetic dermatology into therapeutics. Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. 2nd ed. USA: WILEY Blackwell; 2015. p.62-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  6. Jacobi U, Engel K, Patzelt A, Worm M, Sterry W, Lademann J. Penetration of pollen proteins into the skin. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2007;20(6):297-304. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  7. Nielsen JB, Nielsen F, Sørensen JA. Defense against dermal exposures is only skin deep: significantly increased penetration through slightly damaged skin. Arch Dermatol Res. 2007;299(9):423-31. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  8. Jepps OG, Dancik Y, Anissimov YG, Roberts MS. Modeling the human skin barrier--towards a better understanding of dermal absorption. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013;65(2):152-68. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  9. Michalun N, Michalun MV. Skin anatomy & physiology. In: Michalun MV, Dinardo J, eds. Milady Skin Care and Cosmetic Ingredients Dictionary. 4th ed. USA: CENGAGE Learning; 2014. p.9-29.
  10. Zaidi Z, Lanigan SW. Skin: structure and function. In: Lanigan SW, Zaidi Z, eds. Dermatology in Clinical Practice. London: Springer Science & Business Media; 2010. p.1-14.[Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  11. Khavkin J, Ellis DA. Aging skin: histology, physiology, and pathology. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2011;19(2):229-34. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  12. Arda O, Göksügür N, Tüzün Y. Basic histological structure and functions of facial skin. Clin Dermatol. 2014;32(1):3-13. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  13. Papel ID, Frodel J, Holt GR. Anatomy and physiology of the skin. In: Papel ID, ed. Facial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery. 2nd ed. New York: Thieme Medical Publishers; 2002. p.3-14.
  14. Stingl G, Wolff-Schreiner EC, Pichler WJ, Gschnait F, Knapp W, Wolff K. Epidermal Langerhans cells bear Fc and C3 receptors. Nature. 1977;268(5617):245-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  15. Morrison KM, Miesegaes GR, Lumpkin EA, Maricich SM. Mammalian Merkel cells are descended from the epidermal lineage. Dev Biol. 2009;336(1):76-83. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  16. Kanitakis J. Anatomy, histology and immunohistochemistry of normal human skin. Eur J Dermatol. 2002;12(4):390-9; quiz 400-1. [PubMed] 
  17. Park AM, Khan S, Rawnsley J. Hair biology: growth and pigmentation. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2018;26(4):415-24. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  18. Gartner LP, Hiatt JL. Chapter 14: Integument. Chapter 15: Respiratory System. Color Textbook of Histology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. p.327-44.[Crossref] 
  19. de Berker D. Nail anatomy. Clin Dermatol. 2013;31(5):509-15. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  20. Johnson M, Comaish JS, Shuster S. Nail is produced by the normal nail bed: a controversy resolved. Br J Dermatol. 1991;125(1):27-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  21. Sadler TW. Chapter-21: Integumentary System. Langman's Medical Embryology. 12th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012. p.339-44.
  22. Cauna N, Ross LL. The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers. J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1960;8(2):467-82. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  23. Hausman DB, DiGirolamo M, Bartness TJ, Hausman GJ, Martin RJ. The biology of white adipocyte proliferation. Obes Rev. 2001;2(4):239-54. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  24. Avram MM, Avram AS, James WD. Subcutaneous fat in normal and diseased states 3. Adipogenesis: from stem cell to fat cell. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56(3):472-92. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  25. Baumann LS, Elsaie ML. Oily skin. In: Saghari S, Weisberg E, eds. Cosmetic Dermatology. 2nd ed. Newyork: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing; 2009. p.75-6.
  26. Sakuma TH, Maibach HI. Oily skin: an overview. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2012;25(5):227-35. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  27. Gebhart W, Metze D, Jurecka W. Identification of secretory immunoglobulin A in human sweat and sweat glands. J Invest Dermatol. 1989;92(4):648. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  28. Roh M, Han M, Kim D, Chung K. Sebum output as a factor contributing to the size of facial pores. Br J Dermatol. 2006;155(5):890-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  29. Takahashi M, Kawasaki K, Tanaka M, Ohta S, Tsuda Y. The mechanism of stratum corneum plasticization with water. In: Marks R, Payne PA, eds. Bioengineering and the Skin. 1st ed. Dordrecht: Springer; 1981. p.67-73.[Crossref] 
  30. Elias PM, Cooper ER, Korc A, Brown BE. Percutaneous transport in relation to stratum corneum structure and lipid composition. J Invest Dermatol. 1981;76(4):297-301. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  31. Baumann LS. Dry skin. In: Saghari S, Weisberg E, eds. Cosmetic Dermatology. 2nd ed. Newyork: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing; 2009. p.83-4.
  32. Kanitakis J. Anatomy, histology and immunohistochemistry of normal human skin. Eur J Dermatol. 2002;12(4):390-9; quiz 400-1. [PubMed] 
  33. Baumann LS. Sensitive skin. In: Saghari S, Weisberg E, eds. Cosmetic Dermatology. 2nd ed. Newyork: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing; 2009. p.94-6.
  34. Inamadar AC, Palit A. Sensitive skin: an overview. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2013;79(1):9-16. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  35. Vashi NA, Wirya SA, Inyang M, Kundu RV. Facial hyperpigmentation in skin of color: special considerations and treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2017;18(2):215-30. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  36. Kindred C, Halder RM. Pigmentation and skin of color. In: Draelos ZD, ed. Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. USA: Wiley-Blackwell; 2015. p.27-8. [Crossref] 
  37. Kim NY, Pandya AG. Pigmentary diseases. Med Clin North Am. 1998;82(5):1185-207. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  38. Zouboulis CC. Acne and sebaceous gland function. Clin Dermatol. 2004;22(5):360-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  39. McCullough JL, Kelly KM. Prevention and treatment of skin aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006;1067:323-31. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  40. Kohl E, Steinbauer J, Landthaler M, Szeimies RM. Skin ageing. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(8):873-84. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  41. Behroozy A, Keegel TG. Wet-work exposure: a main risk factor for occupational hand dermatitis. Saf Health Work. 2014;5(4):175-80. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  42. Beltrani VS, Beltrani VP. Contact dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1997;78(2):160-73; quiz 174-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  43. Rashid RS, Shim TN. Contact dermatitis. BMJ. 2016;353:i3299. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  44. Browning J. Dermatology. In: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Pediatric Dermatology. 4th ed. China: Elsevier; 2018. p.262.
  45. Fonacier L, Bernstein DI, Pacheco K, Holness DL, Blessing-Moore J, Khan D, et al; American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology; American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology; Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Contact dermatitis: a practice parameter-update 2015. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2015;3(3 Suppl):S1-39. [PubMed] 
  46. Tan CH, Rasool S, Johnston GA. Contact dermatitis: allergic and irritant. Clin Dermatol. 2014;32(1):116-24. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  47. Fonacier LS, Sher JM. Allergic contact dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014;113(1):9-12. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  48. Matura M, Lindberg M. Patch testing. In: Johansen JD, Frosch PJ, Lepoittevin JP, eds. Contact Dermatitis. Germany: Springer; 2011. p.441. [Crossref] 
  49. Moradi Tuchayi S, Makrantonaki E, Ganceviciene R, Dessinioti C, Feldman SR, Zouboulis CC. Acne vulgaris. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1:15029. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  50. Zvulunov A. Cosmetics and cosmetic preparations: basic definitions. Iın: Shai A, Baran R, Maibach HI, eds. Handbook of Cosmetic Skin Care. 2nd ed. United Kingdom: Informa; 2009. p.58-9.
  51. Webster GF. Acne vulgaris and rosacea: evaluation and management. Clin Cornerstone. 2001;4(1):15-22. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  52. Knutsen-Larson S, Dawson AL, Dunnick CA, Dellavalle RP. Acne vulgaris: pathogenesis, treatment, and needs assessment. Dermatol Clin. 2012;30(1):99-106, viii-ix. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  53. Baumann LS, Saghari S, Ker J, Shanler S. Rosacea (type 2 sensitive skin). In: Saghari S, Weisberg E, eds. Cosmetic Dermatology. 2nd ed. Newyork: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing; 2009. p.128.
  54. Baumann LS. Burning and stinging skin (type 3 sensitive skin). In: Saghari S, Weisberg E, eds. Cosmetic Dermatology. 2nd ed. Newyork: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing; 2009. p.133.
  55. Crawford GH, Pelle MT, James WD. Rosacea: I. Etiology, pathogenesis, and subtype classification. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;51(3):327-41; quiz 342-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  56. Schwartz RA, Janusz CA, Janniger CK. Seborrheic dermatitis: an overview. Am Fam Physician. 2006;74(1):125-30. [PubMed] 
  57. Gupta AK, Bluhm R. Seborrheic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2004;18(1):13-26; quiz 19-20. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  58. Kaçar SD, Özuğuz P. Seboreik dermatitte güncel yaklaşım [The current approach to seborrheic dermatitis]. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi. 2016;17(2):72-6. [Link] 
  59. Jacob ES. Contact dermatitis (type 4 sensitive skin). In: Saghari S,Weisberg E, eds. Cosmetic Dermatology. 2nd ed. Newyork: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing; 2009. p.136.
  60. Sterry W. Plaque psoriasis. In: Sterry W, Sabat R, Philipp S, eds. Psoriasis: Diagnosis and Management. 1st ed. USA: John Wiley Blackwell; 2014. p.57-73. [Crossref]  [PMC] 
  61. Feldman SR, Clark AR. Psoriasis. Med Clin North Am. 1998;82(5):1135-44, vi. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  62. Shende P, Patel D, Takke A. Nanomaterial based cosmeceuticals. In: Hussain CM, ed. Handbook of Functionalized Nanomaterials for Industrial Applications. 1st ed. Cambridge, USA: Matthew Deans; 2020. p.775-91. [Crossref] 
  63. Papakostas D, Rancan F, Sterry W, Blume-Peytavi U, Vogt A. Nanoparticles in dermatology. Arch Dermatol Res. 2011;303(8):533-50. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  64. Khezri K, Saeedi M, Maleki Dizaj S. Application of nanoparticles in percutaneous delivery of active ingredients in cosmetic preparations. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;106:1499-505. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  65. Santos AC, Morais F, Simões A, Pereira I, Sequeira JAD, Pereira-Silva M, et al. Nanotechnology for the development of new cosmetic formulations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2019;16(4):313-30. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  66. Rahimpour Y, Hamishehkar H. Liposomes in cosmeceutics. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2012;9(4):443-55. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  67. Nafisi S, Maibach HI. Nanotechnology in cosmetics S. In: Sakamoto K, Lochhead H, Maibach H, Yamashita Y, eds. Cosmetic Science and Tecnology. 1st ed. United Kinghom: Elsevier; 2017. p.337. [Crossref] 

.: Up To Date

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com