Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinin Ölmekte Olan Hastaya Bakım Vermeye İlişkin Deneyimleri Nasıldır: Nitel Bir Çalışma
How Are the Experiences of Intensive Care Nurses Toward Caring for Dying Patient: A Qualitative Study
Merve ŞAHİNa, Fatma DEMİRKIRANb
aAydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Aydın, Türkiye
bAydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Aydın, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(3):886-95
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-86811
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin ölmekte olan hastaya bakım vermeye ilişkin deneyimlerini derinlemesine incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Nitel araştırma desenlerinden örnek olay çalışması yöntemiyle 2019 Mart-Mayıs tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın çalışma grubuna, bir devlet hastanesinin genel yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan 16 hemşire alınmıştır. Örneklem seçiminde, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi olan yoğun örnekleme tekniğinden yararlanılmış ve örneklem büyüklüğünü 11 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında yarı yapılandırılmış form kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tümevarımsal içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Görüşmeden elde edilen veriler, ölmekte olan hastaya bakım verirken hemşirelerin; ölmekte olan hastaya bakım vermeye ilişkin algıları, bakım verme durumuna ilişkin ürettikleri metaforlar, iyi hissettikleri ve doyum sağladıkları anlar, kötü hissettikleri durumlar, ölümle karşılaştıklarında hissettikleri duygular, baş etme yöntemleri ve ölmekte olan hastaların son zamanlarını huzurlu, saygın ve onurlu bir şekilde sürdürmeleri için hemşirelere verdikleri öneriler olmak üzere 7 başlık altında incelenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin ölmekte olan hastalara profesyonelce, onlar ölmeyecekmiş gibi eşit ve kaliteli bakım sağlamalarının yanında; onlara bakım vermeyi emek ve malzeme israfı olarak da düşünüp daha az, daha özensiz ve daha geç bakım verdiklerini göstermiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda, ölmekte olan hastalara bakım vermeye yönelik olumlu ya da olumsuz tutumlarına ilişkin farkındalık kazandıran programlar oluşturulması ve ölümle ilgili profesyonel eğitimlerin verilmesi önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; yoğun bakım; ölüm; ölmekte olan bireye bakım
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted for the purpose of determining the experience of intensive care nurses toward caring for dying patients in depth. Material and Methods: A total of 16 nurses working in the general intensive care unit of a state hospital were included in the study group of the research, which was conducted with the case study method, one of the qualitative research designs in MarchMay 2019. The intense sampling technique, which is a purposive sampling method, was used in the selection of the sample, and the sample consisted of 11 nurses. A semi-structured form was used in data collection. Obtained data was evaluated using an inductive content analysis technique. Results: The data obtained from the interviews with nurses toward caring for dying patients were examined under seven headings: Their perceptions of caring for the dying patients, the metaphors they produced about the caregiving situation, the moments when they felt good and satisfied, the situations they felt bad, the emotions they felt when they faced death, their coping methods, and recommendations given to nurses, for dying patients to enable them living their last moments in a peaceful, respectable, and dignified manner. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study show that intensive care nurses not only provide equal and high quality care to professionally, as if they will not die; but also consider caring for them as a waste of work and materials therefore they care less, inelaborate and lately for dying patients. According to the results obtained from the research, creating programs that raise awareness about positive or negative attitudes towards caring for dying patients and provide professional training about dealing with the death concept is recommended.

Keywords: Nursing; intensive care; death; caring for dying patient
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