Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology

İn-vitro fertilizasyonu takiben implantasyon
İn-vitro fertilizasyonu takiben implantasyon
Bolarinde Ola ve Tin-Chiu Li
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
Article Language: TR
ÖZET
Derlemenin amacı
Embriyo implantasyonu, yardımla gebelik programlarındaki hız sınırlayan adım olarak kalmıştır. Blastosist ve endometrium arasındaki etkileşimi etkileyen etkenler son çalışmaların konusudur ve ne yazık ki bir sürü karmaşanın da konusu olmuşlardır. Bu çalışma; embriyo oluşumunu etkileyen etkenler üzerine son düşünceleri, implantasyon penceresi süresinde ve civarındaki endometrial reseptivite ve önerilen çeşitli tedavi seçeneklerinin, yanında ve karşısındaki kanıtları sunmayı amaçlar.

Son bulgular

Şimdi seks kromozomları ve bazı diğer otozomlardaki yaşa bağlı anöploidilerin, oosit ve embriyo kalitesine olumsuz etkileri olduğu ve bunun, tekrarlayan in-vitro fertilizasyon başarısızlıklarına yol açtığı düşünülmektedir. Çeşitli küçük kontrollü çalışmalar, daha yaşlı kadınlarda anöploidi için implantasyon öncesi tarama ve blastosist aktarımını takip eden klinik sonuçlarda gelişmeler olduğunu ileri sürmüştür. Ancak bunlar çok pahalı ve embriyo için harabiyet verici olup, 40 yaşından sonra yararlı görünmemektedir. Endometrial reseptivite etkileyen etkenler geniş ölçüde çözülemeden kalmıştır. Gen ekspresyon profili için mikrodiziler kullanan son teknoloji ve progesteron reseptör polimorfizmi, yakın gelecekte daha çok ışık tutabilecektir.
Özet
İmplantasyon başarısızlığına neden olan etkenlerin çalışılması konusunda dev adımlar atılmıştır. Ancak bunlar terapötik çözümler ile eşleşmemiştir. Önerilmiş birçok girişimin değeri kanıtlanmamış olup, zararlı yan etkileri olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: embriyo oluşumu, endometrial reseptivite, implantasyon başarısızlığı, in-vitro fertilizasyon
ABSTRACT
Purpose of review
Embryo implantation remains the rate-limiting step in assisted conception programmes. Factors affecting the interactions between blastocyst and endometrium are subjects of current research and, sadly, have also been the subjects of much confusion. This review aims to present current thinking on factors affecting embryo development, endometrial receptivity during and around the implantation window and the evidence for and against various proposed treatment options
Recent findings
Age-related aneuploidies of the sex chromosomes and several other autosomes are now thought to adversely affect oocyte and embryo quality, leading to repeat in-vitro fertilization failures. Several small controlled trials have suggested improvements in clinical outcomes following preimplantation screening and blastocyst transfer for aneuploidy in older women. These are, however, very costly, wasteful ofembryosanddonotappearbeneficial after theage of 40 years. Factors influencing endometrial receptivity remain largely unresolved.Newtechnology using microarrays for gene expression profiling and progesterone receptor polymorphism may shed more light in the near future.
Summary
Giant strides have been made in studying the causative factors of implantation failure, but these have not been matched by therapeutic solutions. Many proposed inter-ventions are of unproven value, yet can have harmful side-effects.

Keywords: embryo development, endometrial receptivity, implanta-tion failure, in-vitro fertilisation

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