Exercise Prescription And Application Principles In Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

.: PREFACE
ÖN SÖZ
PREFACE
Prof. Dr. Belma Füsun KÖSEOĞLUa, Prof. Dr. Birkan SONEL TURb, Prof. Dr. Nilüfer Kutay ORDU GÖKKAYAc
aTOBB ETÜ Tıp Fakültesi, Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
cSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Gülhane Tıp Fakültesi, Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
Article Language: TR
Kardiyovasküler ve pulmoner hastalıklar dünya çapında önde gelen ölüm ve hastalık yükü nedenidir. Bu hastalıkların tanı ve tedavilerindeki gelişme ve iyileşmeler, hayatta kalım ve hastaneye yatış oranını azaltmakta ancak öte yandan da bu hastalıklarla yaşayanların sayısını artırarak uzun vadeli takip ve girişimlerin gereğini artırmaktadır.

Uluslararası kılavuzlar; kardiyovasküler hastalıklarda gelecekteki yeni olay riskini azaltmak için tüm uygun hastaların kardiyak rehabilitasyonu da içerecek şekilde ikincil önleme programlarına erişimini ve katılımını tavsiye etmektedirler. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü kardiyak rehabilitasyonu; ''Kronik veya post akut kardiyovasküler hastalığı olan hastaların, kendi çabalarıyla, toplumdaki uygun yerlerini koruyabilmeleri veya devam ettirebilmeleri ve aktif bir yaşam tarzı sürdürebilmeleri için mümkün olan en iyi fiziksel, zihinsel ve sosyal koşulları sağlamak için gereken faaliyet ve müdahalelerin toplamı'' olarak tanımlamıştır.

Egzersize dayalı kardiyak rehabilitasyonun amaçları; fonksiyonel kapasite düzeyini artırmak, anjinal semptomları ve özürlülüğü azaltmak, yaşam kalitesini artırmak, kardiyovasküler hastalık risk faktörlerini modifiye etmek, morbiditeyi ve mortaliteyi azaltmaktır. Kapsamlı kardiyak rehabilitasyon programının temel unsurları; hastanın değerlendirilmesi, kardiyovasküler risk faktörlerinin yönetimi ve kontrolü, fiziksel aktivite danışmanlığı, bireysel olarak reçete edilmiş egzersiz eğitimi, hasta ve yakınlarının ve bakım verenlerin eğitimi, beslenme danışmanlığı, psikososyal destek, iş ve uğraşı tedavisi ve kardiyak rehabilitasyonun etkilerinin izlenmesidir. Kardiyovasküler hastalığı olan kişilerde multidisipliner kapsamlı kardiyak rehabilitasyon, hastaneye yatışı ve ölümcül olmayan kardiyovasküler olayları ve mortaliteyi azaltırken, kardiyovasküler hastalık risk profilini ve egzersiz kapasitesini düzeltir.

Amerikan Toraks Derneği ve Avrupa Solunum Derneği pulmoner rehabilitasyonu; ''hasta değerlendirmesini takiben bireysel olarak belirlenen egzersiz Prof. Dr. Belma Füsun KÖSEOĞLU Editör Prof. Dr. Nilüfer Kutay ORDU GÖKKAYA Editör Prof. Dr. Birkan SONEL TUR Editör eğitimi, eğitim ve davranış değişikliği gibi yaklaşımları içeren, ancak bunlarla sınırlı kalmayan, kronik solunum hastalarının fiziksel ve emosyonel durumlarını düzeltmeyi ve sağlığı geliştirici kalıcı davranışları sağlamayı hedefleyen kapsamlı bir uygulama'' olarak tanımlamıştır.

Uluslararası kılavuzlar kardiyak rehabilitasyon programlarında olduğu gibi, erken pulmoner rehabilitasyon programlarının uygun olan her akciğer hastasında başlatılmasını kuvvetle tavsiye etmektedirler. Pulmoner rehabilitasyonun amaçları; semptomları ve komplikasyonları azaltmak, günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde hastanın kapasitesini kullanmasını sağlamak, egzersiz toleransını artırmak, psikososyal semptomları ve morbiditeyi azaltmak, kendine güveni ve fonksiyonel bağımsızlığı sağlamak, hastaneye yatış sıklığını ve süresini azaltmak, mesleğe dönüşü sağlamak ve rekreasyonel aktivitelere katılımı artırmaktır.

Kapsamlı pulmoner rehabilitasyon programının temel unsurları; hasta eğitimi ve sigara bıraktırma, egzersiz eğitimi, nutrisyonel değerlendirme ve destek, uzun süreli oksijen tedavisi, iş ve uğraşı tedavisi ve psikososyal destektir. Pulmoner hastalığı olan kişilerde multidisipliner kapsamlı pulmoner rehabilitasyon, dispne ve yorgunluğu azaltırken egzersiz kapasitesini ve yaşam kalitesini düzeltir.

Yapılandırılmış bir egzersiz ve fiziksel aktivite programı, kardiyopulmoner rehabilitasyonun temel bileşeni ve köşe taşı olup etkinliği en fazla kanıtlanmış olan unsurdur

Türkiye Klinikleri'nin bu kitabında; kardiyopulmoner rehabilitasyonda egzersiz reçeteleme ve uygulama prensipleri hakkında kanıta dayalı, akılcı ve pratiğe yönelik bilgiler vererek bu alanda çalışan meslektaşlarımıza bir el kitabı sunmayı amaçladık. Bu kitabın hazırlanmasında zamanını ayırarak katkıda bulunan tüm değerli meslektaşlarımıza ve bize bu fırsatı sağlayan Türkiye Klinikleri'ne teşekkür ederiz. Kitabımızın bu alanda çalışan tüm meslektaşlarımız ve sağlık çalışanları için faydalı bir kaynak olmasını diliyoruz.

Saygılarımızla.

Prof. Dr. Belma Füsun KÖSEOĞLU
Editör

Prof. Dr. Birkan SONEL TUR
Editör

Prof. Dr. Nilüfer Kutay ORDU GÖKKAYA
Editör
Cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases are the leading causes of death and disease burden worldwide. Developments and improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases have reduced the survival and hospitalization rates, but on the other hand, they have increased the number of people living with these diseases and increased the need for long-term follow-up and interventions.

International guidelines recommend that all eligible patients should access and participate in secondary prevention programs, including cardiac rehabilitation, to reduce the risk of future new events in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac rehabilitation is defined by the World Health Organization as ''the sum of activity and interventions required to ensure the best possible physical, mental, and social conditions so that patients with chronic or post-acute cardiovascular disease may, by their own efforts, preserve or resume their proper place in society and lead an active life''.

The objectives of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation are to increase the level of functional capacity, reduce anginal symptoms and disability, improve quality of life, modify cardiovascular disease risk factors, and reduce morbidity and mortality. Components of a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program are; assessment of the patient, management and control of cardiovascular risk factors, physical activity counseling, individually prescribed exercise training, education of the patient and their families and caregivers, nutritional counseling, psychosocial support, occupational therapy and monitoring the effects of cardiac rehabilitation. Multidisciplinary comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular disease improves cardiovascular disease risk profile and exercise capacity while reducing hospitalization and non-fatal cardiovascular events and mortality.

Pulmonary rehabilitation is defined by American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society as ''a comprehensive intervention based on a thoroProf. Dr. Belma Füsun KÖSEOĞLU Editor Prof. Dr. Nilüfer Kutay ORDU GÖKKAYA Editor Prof. Dr. Birkan SONEL TUR Editor ugh patient assessment followed by patient tailored therapies that include, but are not limited to, exercise training, education, and behavior change, designed to improve the physical and psychological condition of people with chronic respiratory disease and to promote the long-term adherence to health-enhancing behaviors.''

International guidelines strongly recommend early initiation of pulmonary rehabilitation programs in every eligible lung patient, as is the case with cardiac rehabilitation programs. The objectives of pulmonary rehabilitation are; reducing symptoms and complications, enabling the patient to use his capacity in daily living activities, increasing exercise tolerance, reducing psychosocial symptoms and morbidity, ensuring self-confidence and functional independence, reducing the frequency and duration of hospitalization, ensuring return to work and increasing participation in recreational activities. The components of the comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program are patient education and smoking cessation, individually prescribed exercise training, nutritional assessment and support, long-term oxygen therapy, occupational therapy and psychosocial support. Multidisciplinary comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with pulmonary disease improves exercise capacity and quality of life while reducing dyspnea and fatigue.

A structured exercise and physical activity program is the fundamental component and cornerstone of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and is the most proven effective element.

In this book of Türkiye Klinikleri, we aimed to present a handbook to our colleagues working in this field by providing evidence-based, rational and practical information about the principles of exercise prescription and application in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. We would like to thank all our valuable colleagues who devoted their time in the preparation of this book and the Türkiye Klinikleri that provided us with this opportunity. We hope that our book will be a useful resource for all our colleagues and healthcare professionals working in this field.

Sincerely.

Prof. Dr. Belma Füsun KÖSEOĞLU
Editor

Prof. Dr. Birkan SONEL TUR
Editor

Prof. Dr. Nilüfer Kutay ORDU GÖKKAYA
Editor

.: Up To Date

Login



Contact


Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com