Inme II

Serebral Venöz Sinüs Trombozu
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Taşkın DUMANa, Derya ULUDÜZb
aNöroloji AD, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Hatay
bNöroloji AD, İstanbul Üniversitesi Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, İstanbul
Duman T, Uludüz D. Serebral Venöz Sinüs Trombozu. Gökçe M, editör. İnme - II. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2018. p.49-57.
Article Language: TR
ÖZET
Serebral venöz tromboz (SVT) dural sinüsler ile derin ve/veya yüzeyel serebral venöz sistemin trombozudur. Beynin arteriyel tıkayıcı hastalıkları ve intraserebral hemorajiden daha seyrek görülür. SVT ilk tanımlandığı dönemlerde ağır klinik seyir gösteren nadir bir hastalık olarak bilinirken, günümüzde gelişmiş noninvazif ve yüksek duyarlılıklı tanı yöntemlerinin yaygın kullanımı SVT konusundaki bilgilerimizi değiştirmiştir. Arteriyel tıkanmaların aksine, sıklıkla genç erişkinleri ve pediatrik yaş grubunu etkileyen SVT olguları tüm inmelerin %0.5-1 kadarını oluşturur. Yıllık insidans milyonda 3-4 olarak tahmin edilmektedir. Pediatrik yaş grubunda insidansı milyonda 7'ye kadar bildirenler vardır. SVT olgularında klinik özellikler ve etiyolojik nedenler olguya ait nitelikler yanında, coğrafik, etnik, kültürel ve sosyodemografik faktörlere göre değişkenlik göstermektedir. SVT arteriyel inmelerin aksine 50 yaş altında daha sık görülmesine rağmen her yaş grubunda ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Ortalama yaş 41.88±18.68 yıldır ve olguların %79.8'i 50 yaşın altındadır. Günümüze kadar SVT ile ilgili en geniş kapsamlı çalışmalar ülkemizden 34 merkezin katılımı ile gerçekleşen ve 1144 olgu içeren VENOST ve Ferro ve arkadaşlarının bildirdiği 624 olguyu içeren ISCVST çalışmalarıdır. Her iki çalışmanın sonuçları da serebral venöz trombozlu olgularında kadın dominansını göstermektedir. Kadın cinsiyet genç yaşlarda daha belirgindir. Kadınlarda; oral kontraseptif kullanımı, gebelik ve hormon tedavisi gibi cinsiyet spesifik risk faktörleri artan SVT riski ile ilişkili görünmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kranial sinüsler; sinüs trombozu, intrakraniyal; beyin infarktüsü; kavernöz sinüs trombozu; emboli ve tromboz; lateral sinüs trombozu; sagital sinüs trombozu; intrakraniyal embolizm ve tromboz; venöz tromboz
ABSTRACT
Cerebral venous thrombosis (SVT) is a thrombosis of the deep and/or superficial cerebral venous system with dural sinuses. It is less common than brain arterial occlusive diseases and intracerebral hemorrhage. While CVT was known to be a rare disease with severe clinical course in the first defined period, the widespread use of advanced non-invasive and highly sensitive diagnostic methods today, has changed our knowledge on CVT and made it easier to diagnose. Contrary to arteriolar obstructions, CVT, which frequently affects the pediatric age group and young adults, contains approximately 0.5-1% of all strokes. The annual incidence is estimated to be 3-4 in a million. In the pediatric age group, there are those who report an incidence of up to 7 in a million. Clinical features and etiologic factors in SVT cases vary according to geographic, ethnic, cultural and sociodemographic factors as well as the characteristics of case. Unlike arterial thrombosis, SVT can occur in all age groups, even though it is more often seen under the age of 50. The mean age is 41.88 ± 18.68 years and 79.8% of the cases are under the age of 50. The most extensive studies on CVT has been done in our country with VENOST involving 1144 cases and ISCVST with 624 cases which was reported by Ferro et al. with the participation of 34 centers from our country. The results of both studies show the female dominance in cases with cerebral venous thrombosis. Female gender is more prominent at younger ages. Gender-specific risk factors such as oral contraceptive use, pregnancy and hormone therapy seem to be associated with increased risk of SVT in women.

Keywords: Cranial sinuses; sinus thrombosis, intracranial; brain infarction; cavernous sinus thrombosis; embolism and thrombosis; lateral sinus thrombosis; sagittal sinus thrombosis; intracranial embolism and thrombosis; venous thrombosis

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