Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: REVIEW
Stresin, Tükürük ve Periodontal Duruma Etkileri
The Effects of the Stress on Saliva and Periodontal Status
Fatma UÇAN YARKAÇa, Özge GÖKTÜRKb
aPeriodontoloji AD, Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Tokat
bPeriodontoloji AD, Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Bolu
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2018;24(1):56-65
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2017-55759
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Psikolojik stres; ailesel problemler, maddi sorunlar veya sevdiği birini kaybetme gibi kişinin hayatında karşı karşıya geldiği olaylarla başa çıkması gerekirken, bunu yapamadığında yaşadığı duygu ve fizyolojik reaksiyonlardır. Stres ve depresyonun, genetik ve çevresel faktörlerle etkileşimi gibi moleküler ve hücresel anormalliklerden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Kronik psikososyal stres, hastalığın seyrini ve sonucunu etkilemesinin yanı sıra kardiyovasküler hastalık, diyabet gibi sistemik durumların riskini artırmaktadır. Stres, periferik korteks ve hipokampus dâhil olmak üzere limbik beyin bölgelerinin fonksiyon kaybı ve atrofisi ile ilişkilidir. Kronik stres dolaşımdaki proinflamatuar sitokinleri artırarak, vasküler inflamasyonun uyarılması ile sonuçlanmaktadır. Stres ve depresyonun immün sistem fonksiyonunu azalttığı ve kronik inflamasyona neden olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. İnsandaki stresi değerlendirmek için tükürük belirteçlerinin kullanımı son 30 yıl içinde daha fazla önem kazanmıştır. Tükürük kolaylıkla toplanabilen, lokal ve sistemik periodontal hastalık belirteçlerini içeren bir sıvıdır ve özellikle depresyon gibi stres koşullarını değerlendirmek için iyi bir materyal olarak düşünülmektedir. Klinik çalışmalarda, periodontit ve psikolojik stres arasındaki olası ilişki araştırılmış ve bir biyolojik etki mekanizması ile bir davranışsal etki mekanizması olduğu gösterilmiştir. Çoğu çalışmada psikolojik stres periodontitisle ilişkili bulunmuştur. Psikolojik kaynaklı oluşmuş böyle bir ilişkiden immün sistemin etkilenmesi sorumludur. Psikososyal stres, periodontal hastalıkların etiyolojisinde, ilerlemesinde ve tedavi sonuçlarında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, stresin tükürük stres hormonlarının değişimi ile birlikte periodontal durumla ilişkisi, inflamatuar hastalıkların patofizyolojisinde nöroendokrin ve nöroimmün mediyatörlerin rolüne değinilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Stres, psikolojik; periodontal hastalıklar; tükürük
ABSTRACT
Psychological stress is the emotional and physiological reactions experienced when a person is unable to do so in the life of a person, such as a marriage conflict, financial debt, or the loss of a loved one. Stress and depression are thought to originate from molecular and cellular abnormalities such as interaction with genetic and environmental factors. Chronic psychosocial stres increases the risk of systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes as well as affecting the course and the outcome of the disease. Stress is associated with loss of function and atrophy of limbic brain regions including peripheral cortex and hippocampus. Chronic stres stimulates vascular inflammation by increasing circulating proinflammatory cytokines. It is emphasized that stress and depression reduce the function of the immune system and cause chronic inflammation. The use of saliva markers to assess internal stress has become more important over the past 30 years. Saliva is a fluid that can be collected easily, including local and systemic periodontal disease markers, and is considered as a good material to evaluate stress conditions, especially depression. The possible relationship between periodontitis and psychological stress has been investigated in clinical trials and it has been shown that there is a mechanism of biological action and a behavioral effect mechanism. Psychological stress has been associated with periodontitis in most studies. It is the responsibility of the affected immune system to be influenced by psychological origin. Psychosocial stress plays an important role in the etiology, progression and outcome of periodontal diseases. In this review article, we will discuss the role of neuroendocrine and neuroimmune mediators in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases, as well as the relationship between stress and the change of salivary stress hormones.

Keywords: Stress, psychological; periodontal diseases; saliva

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