Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Üst Oblik Felcinde Alt Oblik Hiperfonksiyon Derecesine Göre Cerrahi Tedavi Seçenekleri
Surgical Treatment Options According to Inferior Oblique Hyperfunction in Superior Oblique Palsy
Ceyhun ARICIa, Velittin OĞUZb
aGöz Hastalıkları AD, Gülhane Askeri Tıp Fakültesi, Ankara bGöz Hastalıkları AD, İstanbul Üniversitesi Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, İstanbul
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2011;31(5):1160-6
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2010-21207
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Üst oblik felci (ÜOF) tanısı konulan hastaların klinik muayene ve değişik klinik tiplere göre uygulanan farklı ameliyat sonuçlarını kıyaslamalı olarak değerlendirmek. Gereç ve Yöntemler: ÜOF nedeniyle Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları Şaşılık Bölümünde izlenen 32 hasta çalışmaya alınarak prospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Olgular cerrahi yöntemlere göre dört gruba ayrıldı. Birinci grup (n=12): Alt oblik hiperfonksiyonu (AOH) üç pozitif olan hastalara alt oblik anterior transpozisyonu (AOAT) uygulandı. İkinci grup (n=9): AOH bir pozitif olan hastalara 8 mm, iki pozitif olan hastalara da 10 mm alt oblik geriletme (AOG) yapıldı. Üçüncü grup (n=6): AOH dört pozitif olan hastalara alt oblik myektomi (AOM) uygulandı. Dördüncü grup (n=5): AOH göstermeksizin, üst oblik (ÜO) hipofonksiyonu olan ve zorlamalı duksiyon testinde ÜO tendonu gevşek olarak saptanan hastalara 6-12 mm ÜO katlama yapıldı. Bulgular: Olguların 17'si erkek, 15'i kadın idi. Yaş ortalamaları 16.41 ± 11.91 idi. On beş olguda sağ göz, 15 olguda sol göz, iki olguda da iki yanlı tutulum mevcuttu. ÜOF olguların 24'ünde konjenital, sekizinde akkiz kaynaklıydı. Akkiz ÜOF olgularının altısı travma, ikisi intrakranyal tümör kaynaklıydı. İlk üç grupta AOH'da ameliyat öncesine oranla sonrasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma gözlendi (p< 0.05). Dört grupta da anormal baş pozisyonunun ameliyat sonrasında azaldığı ama sadece AOG grubunda azalmanın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu saptandı (p= 0.031), aynı açıdan stereopsisde anlamlı farklılık izlenmedi (p= 0.076). Sonuç: AOH'nda düzelme açısından AOAT ve AOM yöntemlerinin birbirine yakın etkinlikte olduğu saptanmıştır. ÜOF'de cerrahi tedavinin anormal baş pozisyonunun ortadan kaldırılmasında etkin olduğu görülmüş, stereopsisde ise ameliyat sonrasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. ÜOF'ye eşlik eden < 12 prizm dioptri horizontal kayma varlığının vertikal kas cerrahisi uygulanan ilk seansta horizontal kasa da cerrahi uygulanması için kesin bir endikasyon oluşturmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Derinlik algısı; etiyoloji; troklear sinir hastalıkları
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate comparatively the outcomes of different types of operations performed according to clinical examination and distinct clinical types of the patients who were diagnosed as superior oblique palsy (SOP). Material and Methods: A total of 32 patients who were followed up in Strabismus Section of Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Department of Ophtalmology were enrolled in the study and evaluated prospectively. Subjects were divided into four groups according to surgical techniques. The first group (n=12): Patients whose inferior oblique hyperfunction (IOH) was +++ underwent anterior transposition of the inferior oblique (ATIO). The second group (n=9): Patients whose IOH was + underwent 8 mm of inferior oblique recession (IOR), ++ underwent 10 mm of inferior oblique recession (IOR). The third group (n=6): Patients whose IOH was ++++ underwent inferior oblique myectomy (IOM). The fourth group (n=5): Patients who had superior oblique (SO) hypofunction without IOH and patients whose SO tendon was detected to be loose in forced duction test underwent 6-12 mm of SO tucking. Results: Of the subjects, 17 were males and 15 were females. Mean age was 16.41±11.91. The right eye was involved in 15 cases, the left eye was involved in 15 cases and two cases were involved bilaterally. Of the SOP cases, 24 were congenital and eight were acquired in origin. Six of the acquired SOP cases were related to trauma and two were related to intracranial tumor. A statistically significant decrease was detected in IOH in the first three groups compared to preoperative status (p<0.05). Abnormal head position decreased in four groups postoperatively but a statistically significant decrease was only seen in IOR group (p=0,031), however a statistically significant difference was not found in stereopsis (p=0.076). Conclusion: ATIO and IOM methods were found to have similar effectiveness in terms of IOH correction. Surgical treatment was found to be effective in eliminating abnormal head position in SOP however a significant difference was not found in stereopsis postoperatively. It was concluded that presence of < 12 prism dioptry horizontal strabismus accompany with SOP did not constitute a definite indication for performing surgery to the horizontal muscle in the first session that surgery was done on the vertical muscle.

Keywords: Depth perception; etiology; trochlear nerve diseases

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