Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Investigating the Mealtime Behaviors of the Parents of Children with Typical Development and Autism Spectrum Disorder and Family Eating Routines
Tipik Gelişen ve Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocukların Ebeveynlerinin Yemek Zamanı Davranışları ile Aile İçi Yeme Alışkanlıklarının İncelenmesi
Sena ÖZa, Pınar BAYHANb
aDepartment of Child Development, Ankara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, TURKEY
bDepartment of Child Development, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2021;6(2):217-26
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-75507
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Eating behaviors of children can be affected by parental eating behaviors as well as they may influence parental eating behaviors. In this mutual interaction, parental attitudes towards eating can also shape eating habits at home. In the study, it was aimed to examine the differences between parental mealtime actions and the family eating routines. Material and Methods: The parents of 180 children (90 with typical development-TD and 90 with autism spectrum disorder-ASD) aged 3-5 participated. The Parent Mealtime Action Scale was used to determine parents' eating behaviors and attitudes towards their children, and a personal information was used to determine family routines. Results: Considering the results obtained, limiting the number of snacks consumed daily by the parents of children with typically developing is more frequent in the group where the whole family eats at a specific time. In the parents of children with ASD, those who eat separately from the child consume less vegetable-fruit daily than those who eat together. In addition, the parents of children with ASD in the group where the whole family eats together, whether or not for a specific time, show more snacking models than those in the group where children eat separately. The parents of children with ASD whose foods are processed exhibit more positive persuasion. Conclusion: Family eating habits can be shaped in parallel with parental attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, fostering parental behaviors towards proper and healthy nutrition is thought to affect the eating behaviors of family members. It is considered that future studies should investigate the eating behaviors of children and parents through observing the natural environment of children.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; mealtime; parents
ÖZET
 Amaç: Çocukların yeme davranışları, ebeveynlerin yeme davranışlarından etkilenebildiği gibi ebeveynlerin yeme davranışlarını da etkileyebilmektedir. Bu karşılıklı etkileşim içerisinde ebeveynlerin, yemek yemeye ilişkin tutumları da evdeki yeme alışkanlıklarını şekillendirebilmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada, ebeveynlerin yemek zamanlarındaki tutumları ile ev içi yeme rutinleri arasındaki farklılıkların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu amaçla çalışmaya, 90 tipik gelişen ve 90 otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan 3-5 yaşları arasındaki çocuğun ebeveyni katılmıştır. Ebeveynlerin, çocuklarına olan yeme davranış ve tutumlarını belirlemek için 'Parent Mealtime Action Scale' ve ev rutinlerini belirlemeye yönelik araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen genel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Elde edilen sonuçlara bakıldığında, tipik gelişen çocukların ebeveynlerin günlük tüketilen atıştırma miktarına sınır koyma davranışı, belirli bir saatte tüm ailenin yemek yediği grupta daha fazladır. Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocukların ebeveynlerinde ise çocuğun diğer aile bireylerinden ayrı yiyenlere göre tüm aile birlikte yiyenler, günlük daha az sebze ve meyve tüketmektedirler. Ayrıca tüm ailenin belirli bir saat olsun ya da olmasın, birlikte yediği gruptaki otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocukların ebeveynleri, çocukların ayrı yemek yediği grupta olan ebeveynlere göre daha fazla atıştırma modeli olmaktadır. Yemeği işlemden geçen otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocukların ebeveynleri, daha fazla olumlu ikna tutumu sergilemektedir. Sonuç: Ev içindeki ailenin yeme alışkanlıkları, ebeveynlerin tutum ve davranışlarına paralel olarak şekillenebilmektedir. Bu nedenle de ebeveynlerin davranışlarının doğru ve sağlıklı beslenmeye yönelik olarak desteklenmesinin, tüm aile bireylerinin yeme davranışlarını etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir. Gelecek araştırmalarda çocukların doğal ortamlarında gözlem yapılarak, çocukların ve ebeveynlerinin yeme davranışlarının incelenmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Otizm spektrum bozukluğu; yemek zamanı; ebeveynler
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