Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Tıbbi Malpraktis Kavramının Bazı Gelişmişlik Göstergeleri Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi: Korelasyonel Çalışma
Evaluation of Medical Malpractice in Regard to Various Development Indicators: A Correlational Study
Samet GÜLMEZa , Fatma YÜCEL BEYAZTAŞb , Esra GÜLTÜRKc , Celal BÜTÜNb , Ali YILDIRIMb
aSivas Numune Hastanesi, Adli Tıp Kliniği, Sivas, Türkiye
bSivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp ABD, Sivas, Türkiye
cSivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Biyoistatistik ABD, Sivas, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2023;20(2):105-14
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2023-95727
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Tıbbi malpraktis kavramı çok eski çağlardan beri biliniyor olmasına rağmen XIX ve XX. yüzyıllarda gerçekleşen mesleki, hukuki, sosyal ve ekonomik değişimler sonucu modern hâline kavuşmuş ve sonrasında, hekimliğin riskli doğası nedeniyle çeşitli ülkelerde tıp hukuku ayrıca değerlendirilmeye, buna yönelik yasalar çıkartılmaya başlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda çeşitli ülkelere ait hekimlere karşı oluşturulan şikâyet ve tıbbi malpraktis olgu sayıları ile bazı sağlık, hukuk ve ekonomik gelişmişlik göstergeleri arasındaki ilişkinin tespiti hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tıbbi malpraktis istatistiklerine internet üzerinden ulaşılabilen Almanya, Kaliforniya, Danimarka, Meksika ve Norveç'e ait veriler bu ülkelerin hekim başına düşen nüfusları, kişi başı sağlık harcamaları, Hukukun Üstünlüğü Endeksleri ve İnsani Gelişim Endeksleri bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Toplam şikâyet ve tıbbi malpraktis olgu sayılarında hekimlerin payı sırasıyla Almanya'da %86/%77, Danimarka'da %89/%81, Meksika'da %90/%97 olarak bulunmuştur. Hekimlere yönelik şikâyetlerin tıbbi malpraktis olarak neticelenme oranları ise Almanya'da %24, Kaliforniya'da %28, Danimarka'da %23, Meksika'da %12, Norveç'te %29 olarak bulunmuştur. Ülkelere ait tıbbi malpraktis iddia ve olgu sayılarının, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi ile pozitif yönde güçlü derecede, Hukukun Üstünlüğü Endeksi ile ise pozitif yönde çok güçlü derecede korele olduğu; iddiaların tıbbi malpraktis olarak neticelenmesi oranının ise insani gelişme ve Hukukun Üstünlüğü Endeksleri ile pozitif yönde güçlü derecede korele olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Gelişmekte olan ülkeler başta olmak üzere tüm dünyada tıbbi malpraktis konusunun öneminin yadsınamaz bir gerçek olmasından hareketle; tıbbi, hukuki, bürokratik ve toplumsal açılardan objektif bakış ile çözüm yolları aranması ve konuya yönelik önleyici tedbirlerin alınması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Mesleki sorumluluk; tıbbi malpraktis; gelişmişlik göstergeleri; adli tıp
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Although medical malpractice has been known since ancient times, reached its modern status as result of professional, legal, social and economic changes that took place in the 19th and 20th centuries. Due to the risky nature of medicine, medical law has been started to evaluate separately and special laws have been enacted. In our study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the number of medical malpractice allegations/cases and several healthcare, judicial and economic development indicators. Material and Methods: Data for Germany, California, Denmark, Mexico and Norway, whose medical malpractice statistics are available online, were evaluated according to population per physician, per capita health expenditure, Rule of Law and Human Development indices. Results: The share of physicians in the total number of complaints and medical malpractice cases was found 86%/77% in Germany, 89%/81% in Denmark, and 90%/97% in Mexico, respectively. The ratio of medical malpractice cases to complaints against physicians was found 24% in Germany, 28% in California, 23% in Denmark, 12% in Mexico, and 29% in Norway. The number of claims and cases of were found strongly positive correlated with the Human Development Index, and very strongly positive correlated with the Rule of Law Index. The ratio of medical malpractice/complaints against physicians was found strongly positive correlated with the rule of law and the human development indices. Conclusion: Based on the importance of the issue especially in developing countries; solutions should be sought with an objective view from medical, legal, bureaucratic and social perspectives and preventive measures should be taken.

Keywords: Professional responsibility; medical malpractice; development indicators; forensic medicine
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