Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A Comparison of Family Attention and Burnout in Families of Children with Disabilities and Families of Children Without Disabilities
Engelli Çocuk Ailelerinin Aile İlgi ve Tükenmişlik Durumlarının Engelli Çocuğu Bulunmayan Ailelerle Karşılaştırılması
Haluk Habib KURTOĞLUa, Birgül ÖZÇIRPICIa
aDepartment of Public Health, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2019;39(4):362-74
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2018-62949
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this descriptive-cross-sectional study was to compare interest and burnout levels in mothers of children with disabilities to the mothers of children without disabilities. Materials and Methods: A total of 194 people were selected representing mothers of children with disabilities (n=97) and mothers of children without disabilities (n=97) living in Gaziantep. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-Square and t-Tests. Results: The mean age of the mothers of children with disabilities was 32.71 ± 6.20, while the mean age of the mothers of children without disabilities was 34.65±7.96 (p=0.06). Of the mothers of children with disabilities, 10.3% were illiterate or had not completed primary school, while this figure was 9.30% among mothers of children without disabilities (p=0.841). Of the mothers of children with disabilities and children without disabilities, 94.90% and 95.90%, respectively, were housewives. Of the children with disabilities, 64.90% had intellectual disabilities, 18.60% had physical disabilities, and 16.50% had both intellectual and physical disabilities. Mothers of children with disabilities were more likely to have consanguineous marriages (55.80%) compared to mothers of children without disabilities (42.20%) (p=0.055). According to the average score of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Emotional Exhaustion Subscale, the mothers of children with disabilities were more likely to have a high average (13.33±9.64) than mothers of children without disabilities (7.43±7.56) (p=0.000). There was no statistically significant difference between the scores of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Personal Achievement subscale of the mothers of children with disabilities (27.79 ± 5.24) and mothers of children without disabilities (26.86±4.82) (p=0.201). There was no statistically significant difference between the scores of the McMaster Family Assessment Device-General Functioning sub-dimension of the mothers of children with disabilities (1.76±0.52) and mothers of children without disabilities (1.68±0.55) (p=0.342). Conclusion: If a child is diagnosed as having a disability, the family counseling process should be initiated and the family should be given correct information about the process. Providing family and couple therapy for all families may be beneficial in reducing stress and burnout.

Keywords: Mothers of children with disabilities; burnout; Maslach; McMaster
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmada engelli çocuğa sahip annelerin ilgi ve tükenmişlik durumlarının normal çocuğa sahip annelerle karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmaya Gaziantep ilinde yaşayan engelli (n=97) ve sağlıklı (n=97) çocuğa sahip annelerden örneklem seçerek 194 kişi alındı. Toplanan veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Kruskal Wallis, ki-kare ve t testleri kullanılarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda engelli çocuğa sahip annelerin yaş ortalaması 32,71±6,201 iken sağlıklı çocuğa sahip annelerin yaş ortalaması 34,65±7,956 (p=0,06) idi. Engelli çocuk annelerinin %10,30'u okuryazar değildi veya ilkokulu bitirmemişti. Sağlıklı çocuk annelerinin %9,30'u okuryazar değildi veya ilkokulu bitirmemişti (p=0,841). Engelli çocuk annelerinin %94,80'i ev hanım idi. Sağlıklı çocuk annelerinin %95,90'ı ev hanımıydı. Çalışmamızda engelli çocukların %64,90'ının bedensel engelli, %18,60'ının zihinsel engelli, %16,50'sinin hem zihinsel hem bedensel engelli oldukları tespit edildi. Engelli çocuk annelerinin %55,80'i akraba evliliği yapmışken, sağlıklı çocuk annelerinin %42,20'si akraba evliliği yapmış olarak belirlendi (p=0,055). Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği-Duygusal Tükenmişlik alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalamalarına göre engelli çocuğu olan annelerin duygusal tükenmişliği (13,33±9,64), sağlıklı çocuğu olan annelere (7,43±7,56) göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu (p=0,000). Engelli (27,79±5,24) ve sağlıklı (26,86±4,82) çocuğu olan annelerin Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği-Kişisel Başarı alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı (p=0,201). Engelli (1,76±0,52) ve sağlıklı (1,68±0,55) çocuğu olan annelerin McMaster Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği-Genel İşlevler alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı (p=0,342). Sonuç: Çocuğun engelli olduğu tespit edilir edilmez aile danışmanlığı süreci başlatılarak çocuğun engeli hakkında ailelere doğru bilgilerin verilmesi gerekmektedir. Tüm ailelere aile ve çift terapisi uygulamasının yapılması, stres ve tükenmişliği azaltmada fayda sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Engelli çocuk annesi; tükenmişlik; Maslach; McMaster
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