Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinde Çalışan Sağlık Profesyonellerinin Yaşlı İstismarı ile Karşılama Durumları ve İlişkili Faktörler: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
The Experiences of Health Professionals Working in Family Health Centers with the Abuse of Older Adults and Related Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Melike YALÇIN GÜRSOYa, Gülbu TANRIVERDİa, Hediye Elif YILMAZb
aÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği ABD, Çanakkale, Türkiye
bÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Hemşirelik ABD, Çanakkale, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(4):1120-6
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-90223
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışma, aile sağlığı merkezlerinde çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin yaşlı istismarı ile karşılaşma durumlarını ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlenmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel türde olan araştırma, Çanakkale ilinde yer alan aile sağlığı merkezlerinde çalışan 122 sağlık profesyoneli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, literatür doğrultusunda oluşturulan anket formu aracılığıyla Kasım 2020-Kasım 2021 tarihleri arasında, çevrim içi ve yüz yüze görüşme yöntemleriyle toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler ve ki-kare analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Sağlık profesyonellerinin %23'ünün (n=28) yaşlı istismarı olgusuyla karşılaştığı, en sık istismarla karşılaşan meslek grubunun aile hekimleri olduğu (%53,6; n=15), karşılaşılan istismar vakalarının yalnızca %15,2'sinin (n=5) kolluk kuvvetlere bildirildiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmaya katılanların %25,4'ünün (n=31) yaşlı istismarı vakasından şüphelendiği, %36,4'ünün (n=16) yaşlının bakımsız olması nedeniyle şüphelendiği, %9,5'inin (n=4) kolluk kuvvetlere bildirimde bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Yaşlı istismarı ile karşılaşma durumu ile yaş, mesleki deneyim, meslek ve yaşlının istismar yönünden değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini düşünme arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarında yaklaşık her dört sağlık çalışanından birinin yaşlı istismarı olgusuyla karşılaştığı, ancak bunların çok azının bildiriminin yapıldığı görülmüştür. Bu nedenle 1. basamakta çalışan sağlık profesyonellerine yönelik yaşlı istismarı konusu ile ilgili hizmet içi eğitimler düzenlenmesi, yaşlıların aile sağlığı merkezlerinde veya evlerinde belirli aralıklarla istismar yönünden değerlendirilmesi, sağlık profesyonellerine eğitim müdahalesinin etkisini gösteren araştırmalar yapılması önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaşlı; istismar; yaşlı istismarı; sağlık çalışanı; aile sağlığı merkezi
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study was carried out to determine the experiences of health professionals working in family health centers with the abuse of older adults and related factors. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 122 health professionals working in family health centers in Çanakkale. The data were collected by online and face-to-face interview methods between November 2020-November 2021 through a questionnaire created in line with the literature. Descriptive statistical methods and chi-square analysis were used to evaluate the data. Results: 23% of health professionals (n=28) encountered abuse of older adults, the most frequently abused occupational group was family physicians (53.6%; n=15), and only 15.2% (n=5) of abuse cases has been reported to law enforcement. In addition, 25.4% (n=31) of the participants in the study suspected abuse of the older people, 36.4% (n=16) suspected the older people due to lack of care, 9.5% (n=4) reported to law enforcement. In addition, it was determined that there was a statistically significant relationship between the situation of encountering abuse of the older people and age, professional experience, occupation and thinking that the older people should be evaluated in terms of abuse (p<0.05). Conclusion: In the results of this study, it was seen that approximately one out of every 4 healthcare workers faced the phenomenon of the abuse of older adults, but very few of them were reported. For this reason, it can be recommended to organize in-service trainings on the abuse of older adults for health professionals working in primary care, to evaluate the older people in terms of abuse at regular intervals in family health centers or at home, and to conduct research showing the effect of educational intervention on health professionals.

Keywords: Older; abuse; abuse of older adults; healthcare professional; family health center
REFERENCES:
  1. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Ageing 2019: Highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/430). New York: United Nations; 2019. [Link] 
  2. WHO [Internet]. © 2021 WHO [Cited: January 18, 2021]. Abuse of older people. 2021. Available from: [Link] 
  3. Yunus RM, Hairi NN, Choo WY. Consequences of elder abuse and neglect: a systematic review of observational studies. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2019;20(2):197-213. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  4. Yon Y, Mikton CR, Gassoumis ZD, Wilber KH. Elder abuse prevalence in community settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2017;5(2):e147-e56. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  5. Yan E. Elder abuse: a public health issue. The Gerontologist. 2019;59(3):598-9. [Crossref] 
  6. Yalçın Gürsoy M, Tanriverdi G. Elder abuse prevalance and related risk factors in Turkey: a systematic review. Ageing International. 2022 [Crossref] 
  7. WHO. Elder abuse. The Health Sector Role in Prevention and Response, 2016. Available from: [Link] 
  8. Mohd Mydin FH, Wan Yuen C, Othman S, Mohd Hairi NN, Mohd Hairi F, Ali Z, et al. Evaluating the effectiveness of I-NEED program: improving nurses' detection and management of elder abuse and neglect-a 6-month prospective study. J Interpers Violence. 2022;37(1-2):NP719-NP741. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  9. Patel K, Bunachita S, Chiu H, Suresh P, Patel UK. Elder abuse: a comprehensive overview and physician-associated challenges. Cureus. 2021;13(4):e14375. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  10. Ferreira M, dos Santos CL, Vieira DN. Detection and intervention strategies by primary health care professionals in suspected elder abuse. Acta Med Port. 2015;28(6):687-94. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  11. Almogue A, Weiss A, Marcus EL, Beloosesky Y. Attitudes and knowledge of medical and nursing staff toward elder abuse. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2010;51(1):86-91. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  12. Corbi G, Grattagliano I, Sabbà C, Fiore G, Spina S, Ferrara N, et al. Elder abuse: perception and knowledge of the phenomenon by healthcare workers from two Italian hospitals. Intern Emerg Med. 2019;14(4):549-55. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  13. Mandiracioglu A, Govsa F, Celikli S, Yildirim GO. Emergency health care personnel's knowledge and experience of elder abuse in Izmir. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2006;43(2):267-76. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  14. Ko C, Koh CK. Factors related to korean nurses' willingness to report suspected elder abuse. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2012;6(3):115-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  15. Ahmed A, Choo WY, Othman S, Hairi NN, Hairi FM, Mohd Mydin FH, et al. Understanding of elder abuse and neglect among health care professionals in Malaysia: An exploratory survey. J Elder Abuse Negl. 2016;28(3):163-77. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  16. Cooper C, Selwood A, Livingston G. Knowledge, detection, and reporting of abuse by health and social care professionals: a systematic review. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;17(10):826-38. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  17. Gökçe Tan S, Soysal P. Sağlık çalışanlarının yaşlı istismarı konusundaki algısı ve farkındalığının araştırılması [Investigation of health workers' perception and awareness toward elderly abuse]. Geriatrik Bilimler Dergisi. 2020;3(3):132-7. [Link] 
  18. Schmeidel AN, Daly JM, Rosenbaum ME, Schmuch GA, Jogerst GJ. Health care professionals' perspectives on barriers to elder abuse detection and reporting in primary care settings. J Elder Abuse Negl. 2012;24(1):17-36. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  19. Wagenaar DB, Rosenbaum R, Page C, Herman S. Primary care physicians and elder abuse: current attitudes and practices. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2010;110(12):703-11. [PubMed] 
  20. Alt KL, Nguyen AL, Meurer LN. The effectiveness of educational programs to improve recognition and reporting of elder abuse and neglect: a systematic review of the literature. J Elder Abuse Negl. 2011;23(3):213-33. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  21. Touza Garma C. Influence of health personnel's attitudes and knowledge in the detection and reporting of elder abuse: An exploratory systematic review. Psychosocial Intervention. 2017;26(2):73-91. [Crossref] 
  22. Gallione C, Dal Molin A, Cristina FVB, Ferns H, Mattioli M, Suardi B. Screening tools for identification of elder abuse: a systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2017;26(15-16):2154-76. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  23. Burnett J, Achenbaum WA, Murphy KP. Prevention and early identification of elder abuse. Clin Geriatr Med. 2014;30(4):743-59. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  24. Beach SR, Carpenter CR, Rosen T, Sharps P, Gelles R. Screening and detection of elder abuse: Research opportunities and lessons learned from emergency geriatric care, intimate partner violence, and child abuse. J Elder Abuse Negl. 2016;28(4-5):185-216. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  25. O'Brien JG, Riain AN, Collins C, Long V, O'Neill D. Elder abuse and neglect: a survey of Irish general practitioners. J Elder Abuse Negl. 2014;26(3):291-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  26. Mazzotti MC, Scarcella E, D'Antone E, Fersini F, Salsi G, Ingravallo F, et al. Italian healthcare professionals' attitude and barriers to mandatory reporting of elder abuse: An exploratory study. J Forensic Leg Med. 2019;63:26-30. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  27. Hoover RM, Polson M. Detecting elder abuse and neglect: assessment and intervention. Am Fam Physician. 2014;89(6):453-60. [PubMed] 
  28. Meeks-Sjostrom DJ. Clinical decision making of nurses regarding elder abuse. J Elder Abuse Negl. 2013;25(2):149-61. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  29. Caciula I, Livingston G, Caciula R, Cooper C. Recognition of elder abuse by home care workers and older people in Romania. Int Psychogeriatr. 2010;22(3):403-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date

Login



Contact


Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com