Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Assessment of Dental Development in Children with Supernumerary Teeth: Case-Control Study
Sürnümerer Diş Gözlenen Çocuklarda Diş Gelişiminin Değerlendirilmesi: Olgu Kontrol Araştırması
Ebru HAZAR BODRUMLUa, Sadık TOPRAKb, Levent DEMİRİZc
aDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak, Türkiye
bDepartment of Forensic Medicine, İstanbul University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye c Private, Zonguldak, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2023;29(1):66-72
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2022-90860
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The term supernumerary tooth is one of the important dental anomalies affecting children and is used to describe excess teeth in the dental arch. Knowledge of changes in tooth development accompanying supernumerary teeth provides information about both orthodontic problems and changes in bone and teeth. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the presence of supernumerary teeth and dental development in children and to raise awareness about the conditions associated with the presence of supernumerary teeth. Material and Methods: 175 (114 males and 61 females) children with supernumerary teeth were examined and compared to 175 normal control subjects matched for sex and age. Dental development was evaluated from panoramic radiographs using the dental age estimation method of Demirjian et al. Data were statistically analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Results: Significant differences were found in the mean of dental age and chronological age difference between case controls and children with supernumerary teeth (0.4±0.7 and 0.8±0.7 years, respectively). The mean differences between dental age and chronological age in hyperdontic males and females were 0.77±0.7 years and 0.96±0.7 years, respectively, and the results of the controls were 0.39±0.7 for males and 0.47±0.8 years for females. The differences between the hyperdontic and control groups were significant for both genders (p<0.001). Conclusion: Children with supernumerary teeth appear to have advanced dental development compared to children with normal dentition. The presence of supernumerary teeth in children is a condition that affects dental development.

Keywords: Demirjian method; tooth; developmental biology; supernumerary
ÖZET
 Amaç: Sürnümerer diş terimi, her iki dental arkta fazla dişleri tanımlamak için kullanılır ve çocukları etkileyen en önemli diş gelişim anomalilerinden biri olarak kabul edilir. Sürnümerer dişlere eşlik eden birçok değişiklik söz konusudur ve bu dişlere eşlik eden dental gelişimdeki değişikliklerin bilinmesi, hem ortodontik problemler hem de kemik ve dişlerdeki değişiklikler hakkında bilgi verir. Bu nedenle çalışmanın amacı, sürnümerer diş varlığının çocuklarda dental gelişim ile ilişkisini değerlendirmek ve sürnümerer diş varlığının ilişkili olabileceği durumlar konusunda farkındalık sağlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Sürnümerer dişleri olan 175 (114 erkek ve 61 kız) çocuktan oluşan bir grup incelendi. Bu çocuklar cinsiyet ve yaş açısından eşleştirilmiş 175 normal dentisyona sahip çocuklardan oluşan kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı. Diş gelişimi, Demirjian ve ark.nın diş yaşı tahmin yöntemi kullanılarak, panoramik radyografilerden elde edilen verilerin gruplar arası karşılaştırılması ile değerlendirildi. Veriler, Shapiro-Wilk testi kullanılarak istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Vaka kontrolleri ve sürnümerer diş gözlenen çocuklar arasında diş yaşı ve kronolojik yaş farkının ortalamasında önemli farklılıklar bulundu (sırasıyla 0,4±0,7 ve 0,8±0,7 yıl). Hiperdontik kızlarda ve erkeklerde diş yaşı ve kronolojik yaş arasındaki ortalama farkı sırasıyla 0,96±0,7 yıl ve 0,77±0,7 yıl olarak bulundu. Vaka kontrollerinin sonuçları kızlarda 0,47±0,8 ve erkeklerde 0,39±0,7 idi. Hiperdontik ve vaka kontrol grupları arasındaki farklar, her iki cinsiyet için de anlamlı bulundu (p<0,001). Sonuç: Sürnümerer dişleri olan çocukların, normal çocuklara göre daha yüksek diş gelişimi oranlarına sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Çocuklarda sürnümerer diş varlığı dental gelişimi etkileyen bir durumdur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Demirjian metodu; diş; gelişim biyolojisi; süpernümerer
REFERENCES:
  1. Lu X, Yu F, Liu J, Cai W, Zhao Y, Zhao S, et al. The epidemiology of supernumerary teeth and the associated molecular mechanism. Organogenesis. 2017;13(3):71-82. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  2. Fonseca-Souza G, de Oliveira LB, Wambier LM, Scariot R, Feltrin-Souza J. Tooth abnormalities associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(8):5089-103. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  3. Jiang Y, Ma X, Wu Y, Li J, Li Z, Wang Y, et al. Epidemiological, clinical, and 3-dimentional CBCT radiographic characterizations of supernumerary teeth in a non-syndromic adult population: a single-institutional study from 60,104 Chinese subjects. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24(12):4271-81. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  4. Kan WY, Seow WK, Holcombe T. A case-control study of dental development in Hypodontic and Hyperdontic children. Pediatr Dent. 2010;32(2):127-33. [PubMed] 
  5. Demirjian A, Goldstein H. New systems for dental maturity based on seven and four teeth. Ann Hum Biol. 1976;3(5):411-21. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  6. Anthonappa RP, King NM, Rabie AB, Mallineni SK. Reliability of panoramic radiographs for identifying supernumerary teeth in children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2012;22(1):37-43. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  7. Demirjian A, Goldstein H, Tanner JM. A new system of dental age assessment. Hum Biol. 1973;45(2):211-27. [PubMed] 
  8. Sperandei S. Understanding logistic regression analysis. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2014;24(1):12-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  9. Anthonappa RP, King NM, Rabie AB. Prevalence of supernumerary teeth based on panoramic radiographs revisited. Pediatr Dent. 2013;35(3):257-61. [PubMed] 
  10. Ledesma-Montes C, Garcés-Ortíz M, Salcido-García JF, Hernández-Flores F. Study on frequency of dental developmental alterations in a Mexican school-based population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2016;21(3):e316-20. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  11. Khalaf K, Al Shehadat S, Murray CA. A review of supernumerary teeth in the premolar region. Int J Dent. 2018;2018:6289047. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  12. Diz P, Limeres J, Salgado AF, Tomás I, Delgado LF, Vázquez E, et al. Correlation between dental maturation and chronological age in patients with cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and Down syndrome. Res Dev Disabil. 2011;32(2):808-17. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  13. Avsar A, Topaloglu B, Hazar-Bodrumlu E. Association of passive smoking with dental development in young children. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2013;14(3):215-8. [PubMed] 
  14. Haavikko K. The formation and the alveolar and clinical eruption of the permanent teeth. An orthopantomographic study. Suom Hammaslaak Toim. 1970;66(3):103-70. [PubMed] 
  15. Eid RM, Simi R, Friggi MN, Fisberg M. Assessment of dental maturity of Brazilian children aged 6 to 14 years using Demirjian's method. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2002;12(6):423-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  16. Baghdadi ZD, Pani SC. Accuracy of population-specific Demirjian curves in the estimation of dental age of Saudi children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2012;22(2):125-31. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  17. Victora CG, Huttly SR, Fuchs SC, Olinto MT. The role of conceptual frameworks in epidemiological analysis: a hierarchical approach. Int J Epidemiol. 1997;26(1):224-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  18. Liversidge HM, Speechly T, Hector MP. Dental maturation in British children: are Demirjian's standards applicable? Int J Paediatr Dent. 1999;9(4):263-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  19. Vasconcelos NP, Caran EM, Lee ML, Lopes NN, Weiler RM. Dental maturity assessment in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia after cancer therapy. Forensic Sci Int. 2009;184(1-3):10-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  20. Seow WK. A study of the development of the permanent dentition in very low birthweight children. Pediatr Dent. 1996;18(5):379-84. [PubMed] 
  21. Seow WK. Dental development in amelogenesis imperfecta: a controlled study. Pediatr Dent. 1995;17(1):26-30. [PubMed] 
  22. Seow WK, Hertzberg J. Dental development and molar root length in children with cleidocranial dysplasia. Pediatr Dent. 1995;17(2):101-5. [PubMed] 
  23. Seow WK, Needleman HL, Holm IA. Effect of familial hypophosphatemic rickets on dental development: a controlled, longitudinal study. Pediatr Dent. 1995;17(5):346-50. [PubMed] 
  24. Ruiz-Mealin EV, Parekh S, Jones SP, Moles DR, Gill DS. Radiographic study of delayed tooth development in patients with dental agenesis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;141(3):307-14. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  25. Reitsma JH, Balk-Leurs IH, Ongkosuwito EM, Wattel E, Prahl-Andersen B. Dental maturation in children with the syndrome of crouzon and apert. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2014;51(6):639-44. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  26. Omer RS, Anthonappa RP, King NM. Determination of the optimum time for surgical removal of unerupted anterior supernumerary teeth. Pediatr Dent. 2010;32(1):14-20. [PubMed] 
  27. Kazancı F, Çelikoğlu M, Ceylan İ. Süpernümerer diş sebebiyle gömülü kalmış bir maksiller santral dişin ortodontik tedavisi [Orthodontic treatment of an impacted maxillary central incisor caused by a supernumerary tooth]. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2009;19(3):187-91. [Link] 
  28. Koch H, Schwartz O, Klausen B. Indications for surgical removal of supernumerary teeth in the premaxilla. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1986;15(3):273-81. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  29. Coutinho S, Buschang PH, Miranda F. Relationships between mandibular canine calcification stages and skeletal maturity. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1993;104(3):262-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  30. Vucic S, Dhamo B, Jaddoe VWV, Wolvius EB, Ongkosuwito EM. Dental development and craniofacial morphology in school-age children. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2019;156(2):229-37.e4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com