Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: REVIEW
Çocuklarda Maloklüzyon ve Ortodontik Tedavi İhtiyacı
Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Need in Children
Esra ÖZa, Çiğdem KÜÇÜKEŞMENa
aÇocuk Diş Hekimliği AD, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Isparta, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2019;25(2):193-200
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2017-58400
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Maloklüzyon; yaşamı tehdit etmemesine rağmen, görülme sıklığı ve tedavi olanakları nedeni ile, önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu olarak kabul edilmektedir. Çocuklarda maloklüzyonun etiyolojik faktörlerinin bilinmesi, erken dönemde müdahale edilip edilemeyeceğine karar verilmesini sağlamaya yardımcı olmaktadır. Maloklüzyon prevalansının belirlenmesi ise belirli bir topluluğun oklüzal özelliklerinin dağılımını, ortodontik tedavi ihtiyaçlarını ve önceliklerini değerlendirmek için önemlidir. Estetiğe karşı artan ilgiyle birlikte, maloklüzyonlara karşı gittikçe artan algının da bir sonucu olarak, çocukların ortodontik tedavi ihtiyaçlarında belirgin bir artış olduğu gözlenmektedir. Çocuklardaki ortodontik tedavi ihtiyacı; kendi algısı, sosyal çevresi, ebeveynlerinin sosyoekonomik ve eğitim durumları gibi birçok faktöre göre değişebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, maloklüzyonun etiyolojik faktörlerinin, çocuklardaki maloklüzyon prevalansının ve ortodontik tedavi ihtiyacının incelenmesi, ortodontik tedavi ihtiyacının hastaların diş çürükleri, periodontal durumları, ailelerin sosyoekonomik durumları ve eğitim seviyeleri gibi çeşitli değişkenlerle ilişkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Estetik; maloklüzyon; ortodonti
ABSTRACT
 Although malocclusion does not threaten life, it is considered an important public health problem because of its incidence and possibilities of treatment. Knowing the etiologic factors of malocclusion in children helps to decide whether or not to intervene in the early period. Determination of the prevalence of malocclusion is important to assess the distribution of occlusal characteristics of a particular community, its orthodontic treatment needs and priorities. Along with the growing interest towards aesthetics, it is observed that there is a significant increase in the demand for orthodontic treatment need for children as a result of the increasing incidence towards malocclusions. The orthodontic treatment need in children can be determined by many factors such as the patient's own sense, social environment, economic status, educational status. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the etiologic factors of malocclusion, the prevalence of malocclusion and the orthodontic treatment need in children, the relationship between orthodontic treatment needs and various variables such as dental caries, periodontal status, socioeconomic status and education levels of families.

Keywords: Esthetics; malocclusion; orthodontics
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