Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: REVIEW
COVID-19 Döneminde Çocuklarda Fiziksel Aktivite: Sistematik Derleme
Physical Activity in Children During COVID-19 Period: Systematic Review
Mehmet CANLIa, Anıl ÖZÜDOĞRUa, Ersan KARAb
aKırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Yüksekokulu, Kırşehir, TÜRKİYE
bKırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Kırşehir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2021;13(2):312-7
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2020-79699
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Bu çalışmanın amacı, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] salgını döneminde fiziksel aktivite imkânı kısıtlanmış olan çocuk ve gençlerin sağlıklarının korunmasında fiziksel aktivitenin öneminin değerlendirilmesidir. Fiziksel aktivite, daha sağlam bir bağışıklık sistemi başta olmak üzere çocukların ve gençlerin fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlığına katkıda bulunur. On bir Mart 2020 tarihinde Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, COVID-19 salgınını küresel bir pandemi olarak nitelendirmiştir. COVID-19 salgını nedeniyle birçok ülkenin almış olduğu kararlar neticesinde yapılan kısıtlamalara bağlı olarak çocukların, gençlerin ve ailelerin günlük yaşamında önemli değişiklikler meydana gelmiştir. Birçok ülke fiziksel mesafe, sosyal etkileşimler, spor, oyun alanları ve park alanları kullanımında kısıtlamalara gitmiştir. Bu kısıtlamaların sonucu olarak, çocuklarda fiziksel aktivite alışkanlıklarının azalması endişe kaynağı olmuştur. Sağlık durumu ve fiziksel aktivite arasındaki güçlü ilişki göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, COVID-19 salgını döneminde çocukların hareketsiz bir yaşam tarzına bağlı olarak sağlıklarının daha da kötüye gittiği görülmektedir. Çünkü inaktif bir yaşam tarzı, obezite, bağışıklık sistemi zayıflaması ve kronik hastalıklara yakalanma riskiyle doğrudan ilişkilidir. Çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini artırmak için ebeveynlere, eğitimcilere, sağlık uzmanlarına ve medyaya büyük görevler düşmektedir. Bu dönemde çocuklar evde kalırken, oyun ve eğlenceli etkinliklerin birleştirildiği basit egzersizlerle sağlıklı kalmaya çalışmalıdır. Bununla ilgili öneriler arasında pandemi kısıtlamalarına uygun fiziksel aktivitelere katılım, yeni serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılım, çevrim içi sağlık ve/veya fiziksel aktivite uygulamalarını kullanmak yer almaktadır. Sonuç olarak, salgın sürecinde çocukların ve gençlerin sağlıklarının korunması için yeterli fiziksel aktivite imkânlarının oluşturulmasında, ebeveynlere ve yetkili kurumlara büyük sorumluluklar düşmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Fiziksel aktivite; çocuk; COVID-19; sağlık; egzersiz
ABSTRACT
 The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of physical activitiy in protecting the health of children and adolescents whose physical activity opportunities were restricted during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Physical activity contributes to the physical and mental health of children and young people, especially a stronger immune system. On March 11, 2020, The World Health Organization described the COVID-19 virus outbreak as a global pandemic. Due to the restrictions made as a result of the decisions taken by many countries due to the COVID-19 virus epidemic, significant changes have occurred in the Daily lives of children, young people and families. Many countries have restricted the use of physical distance, social interactions, sports, playgrounds and parking spaces. As a result of these restrictions, the decrease in physical activity habits in children has been a cause for concern. Given the strong relationship between health status and physical activity, it appears that during the COVID-19 pandemic, children's health deteriorated further due to a sedentary lifestyle. Because an inactive lifestyle; it is directly related to obesity, weakening of the immune system and risk of chronic diseases. Parents, educators, healthcare professionals and the media have a great role to play in increasing children's physical activity levels. During this period, children should try tos tay healthy with simple exercises that combine games and fun activities while staying at home. Suggestions fort his include participating in physical activities appropriate to pandemic constraints, participating in new leisure activities, using online health and/or physical activity practices. As a result; parents and authorities have great responsibilities in creating adequate physical activity opportunities to protect the health of children and young people during the epidemic.

Keywords: Physical activity; child; COVID-19; health; exercise
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