Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Dental İmplant Uygulamalarının Retrospektif Olarak Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Çalışma
Retrospective Assessment of Dental Implant Applications: Cross-Sectional Study
Merve SARIa, Mehmet Kemal TÜMERb
aTokat Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Merkezi, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi Bölümü, Tokat, Türkiye
bTokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi ABD, Tokat, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2022;28(2):245-51
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2021-83695
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Dental implantlar, eksik dişlerin fonksiyonunu ve estetiğini yeniden kazandırmada en etkili tedavi yöntemidir ve yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2018 yılında dental implant cerrahisi uygulanan hastaların demografik ve klinik durumlarını ve yerleştirilen implantların özelliklerini retrospektif olarak incelemek ve tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler ile değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2018 yılında dental implant cerrahisi ile opere edilen hastaların tıbbi dosyalarından elde edilen demografik veriler (yaş ve cinsiyet), dişsizlik durumları, implantların lokasyonları ve boyutları (çap ve uzunluk) kaydedildi. Elde edilen veriler tanımlayıcı istatistiksel analizler ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 58 hasta (38 kadın ve 20 erkek) dâhil edildi. Bu hastaların yaş ortalaması 52,43±13 yıldır. En fazla tedavi edilen yaş aralığı 24 hasta (%41,3) ile 56-65 yaş aralığıdır. Maksillaya 99 implant (%54,4) ve mandibulaya 83 implant (%45,6) yerleştirildiği belirlendi. Ayrıca implantların 52'si (%28,5) anterior bölgede, 130'u (%71,5) posterior bölgede lokalizedir. İmplantların ortalama çapı 4,18±0,19 mm ve ortalama uzunluğu 10,51±0,46 mm'dir. Sonuç: Dental implant cerrahisi geniş bir yaş aralığında ve farklı endikasyonlarda uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, en sık dental implant uygulanan yaş aralığı 56-65 yıl olup, en sık implant endikasyonu dişsiz sonlanan kısmi dişsizlik olarak belirlendi. En sık dental implant uygulanan bölgeler mandibular kanin dişi bölgesi ve maksiller 1. büyük azı dişi bölgesi olarak tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Dental implant; dişsiz çene; retrospektif çalışma
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Dental implants are most effective treatment method used commonly for retrieving the function and esthetics of missing teeth. The aim of this study is to retrospectively examine the demographic and clinical conditions of patients who underwent dental implant surgery in 2018, and the properties of implants placed, and to evaluate them with descriptive statistical methods. Material and Methods: Demographic information (age and gender), toothlessness, location and size of implants (length and diameter) were obtained from medical files of patients operated with dental implant surgery in 2018. The data obtained were evaluated by descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Study includes 58 patients (38 female and 20 male). Their age average is 52.43±13. It was detected that the most treated age range is 56-65, with the number of 24 patients (41.3%). It was determined that 99 implants (54.4%) placed to maxilla and 83 implants (45.6%) placed to mandibula. In addition, 52 (28.5%) of the implants were localized in the anterior region and 130 (71.5%) of the implants were localized in the posterior region. The average length of the implants is 10.51±0.46 mm and the average diameter the implants is 4.18±0.19 mm. Conclusion: Dental implant surgery is applied in a wide age range and different indications. In this study, the most common age range for dental implants was 56-65 years, and the most common implant indication was determined as partial edentulism with a toothless end. The most common dental implants were identified as the mandibular canine region and the maxillary first molar region.

Keywords: Dental implant; edentulous chin; retrospective study
REFERENCES:
  1. Ring ME. A thousand years of dental implants: a definitive history-part 2. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1995;16(11):1132, 1134, 1136 passim. [PubMed] 
  2. Ring ME. A thousand years of dental implants: a definitive history--part 1. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1995;16(10):1060,1062,1064 passim. [PubMed] 
  3. Naert I, Alsaadi G, van Steenberghe D, Quirynen M. A 10-year randomized clinical trial on the influence of splinted and unsplinted oral implants retaining mandibular overdentures: peri-implant outcome. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004;19(5):695-702. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  4. Naveau A, Pierrisnard L. Mechanical effects of implant-tooth rigid connection by a fixed partial denture: a 3d finite element analysis. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 2009;17(3): 98-104. [PubMed] 
  5. Burak Özcelik T, Ersoy E, Yilmaz B. Biomechanical evaluation of tooth- and implant-supported fixed dental prostheses with various nonrigid connector positions: a finite element analysis. J Prosthodont. 2011;20(1):16-28. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  6. Hoffmann O, Zafiropoulos GG. Tooth-implant connection: a review. J Oral Implantol. 2012;38(2):194-200. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  7. Levin L, Sadet P, Grossmann Y. A retrospective evaluation of 1,387 single-tooth implants: a 6-year follow-up. J Periodontol. 2006;77(12): 2080-3. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  8. Eckert SE, Wollan PC. Retrospective review of 1170 endosseous implants placed in partially edentulous jaws. J Prosthet Dent. 1998; 79(4):415-21. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  9. Lekholm U, Gunne J, Henry P, Higuchi K, Lindén U, Bergström C, et al. Survival of the Brånemark implant in partially edentulous jaws: a 10-year prospective multicenter study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999;14(5):639-45. [PubMed] 
  10. Lazzara R, Siddiqui AA, Binon P, Feldman SA, Weiner R, Phillips R, et al. Retrospective multicenter analysis of 3i endosseous dental implants placed over a five-year period. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1996;7(1):73-83. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  11. Noack N, Willer J, Hoffmann J. Long-term results after placement of dental implants: longitudinal study of 1,964 implants over 16 years. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999; 14(5):748-55. [PubMed] 
  12. Lee JH, Frias V, Lee KW, Wright RF. Effect of implant size and shape on implant success rates: a literature review. J Prosthet Dent. 2005;94(4):377-81. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  13. Hong SJ, Paik JW, Kim CS, Choi SH, Lee KW, Chai JK, et al. The study of implant patient's type and implant distribution. J Korean Acad Periodontol. 2002;32(3):539-54. [Crossref] 
  14. Bornstein MM, Halbritter S, Harnisch H, Weber HP, Buser D. A retrospective analysis of patients referred for implant placement to a specialty clinic: indications, surgical procedures, and early failures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2008; 23(6):1109-16. [PubMed] 
  15. Van der Zee E, Van Waas M, Broek M, Van der Mieden van Opmeer R. Changes in the provision of implant-supported prostheses at the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) from 1989 to 1995. Int J Prosthodont. 2000;13(4):316-20. [PubMed] 
  16. Buser D, Mericske-Stern R, Bernard JP, Behneke A, Behneke N, Hirt HP, et al. Long-term evaluation of non-submerged ITI implants. Part 1: 8-year life table analysis of a prospective multi-center study with 2359 implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1997;8(3):161-72. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  17. Juodzbalys G, Raustia AM, Kubilius R. A 5-year follow-up study on one-stage implants inserted concomitantly with localized alveolar ridge augmentation. J Oral Rehabil. 2007; 34(10):781-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  18. Fischer K, Stenberg T. Three-year data from a randomizd, controlled study of early loading of single-stage dental implants supporting maxillary full-arch prostheses. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2006;21(2):245-52. [PubMed] 
  19. Luongo G, Di Raimondo R, Filippini P, Gualini F, Paoleschi C. Early loading of sandblasted, acid-etched implants in the posterior maxilla and mandible: a 1-year follow-up report from a multicenter 3-year prospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2005;20(1):84-91. [PubMed] 
  20. Machtei EE, Mahler D, Oettinger-Barak O, Zuabi O, Horwitz J. Dental implants placed in previously failed sites: survival rate and factors affecting the outcome. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008;19(3):259-64. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  21. Wittneben JG, Buser D, Salvi GE, Bürgin W, Hicklin S, Brägger U. Complication and failure rates with implant-supported fixed dental prostheses and single crowns: a 10-year retrospective study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2014;16(3):356-64. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  22. Bural C, Bilhan H, Cilingir A, Geçkili O. Assessment of demographic and clinical data related to dental implants in a group of Turkish patients treated at a university clinic. J Adv Prosthodont. 2013;5(3):351-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  23. Brennan M, Houston F, O'Sullivan M, O'Connell B. Demographics of implant placement and complications of a patient subgroup in a dental hospital population. J Ir Dent Assoc. 2010;56(2):85-92. [PubMed] 
  24. Mundt T, Mack F, Schwahn C, Biffar R. Private practice results of screw-type tapered implants: survival and evaluation of risk factors. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2006;21(4):607-14. [PubMed] 
  25. Eltas A, Dundar S, Uzun I, Arslan Malkoc M. Dental implant başarısının ve hasta profilinin değerlendirilmesi: Retrospektif bir çalışma [Assessement of dental implant success and patient profile: A retrospective study]. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni. 2013;21(1):1-8. [Link] 
  26. Polat ME, Saruhan N, Gojayeva G. Dental implant uygulanan hastaların demografik olarak değerlendirilmesi [The demographic evaluation of dental implant patients]. J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. 2019;3(2):85-90. [Crossref] 
  27. Urvasizoğlu GG, Saruhan N, Ataol M. Dental implant uygulamalarının demografik ve klinik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of demographic and clinical features of dental implant applications]. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni. 2016;26(3):394-8. [Crossref] 
  28. Urvasizoğlu G, Türen T. Dental implant uygulamalarında karşılaşılan intraoperatif ve erken dönem komplikasyonların prevalansı ve tedavi yöntemleri: Retrospektif klinik çalışma [Prevalence and treatment methods of intraoperatıve and early complications in dental implant surgery: A retrospective clinical study]. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni. 2019;29(2): 259-67. [Link] 
  29. Adali E, Günbay T, Çiplak G. Farklı dental implantların başarı oranlarının geriye dönük olarak değerlendirilmesi [Retrospective evaluation of the success rates of different dental implants]. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni. 2018; 28(2):174-81. [Crossref] 
  30. Vehemente VA, Chuang SK, Daher S, Muftu A, Dodson TB. Risk factors affecting dental implant survival. J Oral Implantol. 2002;28(2):74-81. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  31. Akın C, Mutlu ŞN, Güntekin N. Yetişkin hastalarda artan yaş ile diş kaybı şiddetinin ilişkisi [The relationship between increasing age and tooth loss violence in adult patients]. NEU Dent J. 2020;2(2):64-8. [Link] 
  32. Woo I, Le BT. Maxillary sinus floor elevation: review of anatomy and two techniques. Implant Dent. 2004;13(1):28-32. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  33. Klinge B, Petersson A, Maly P. Location of the mandibular canal: comparison of macroscopic findings, conventional radiography, and computed tomography. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1989;4(4):327-32. [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com