War Psychology

Dissoanaliz Kuramı Açısından Savaş Psikolojisi ve Göç Travması: Savaş Kökenli Kuşaklararası Travma Geçişi ve Kuşaklararası Psikopatoloji Aktarımı
War Psychology and Migration Trauma from the Perspective of the Dissoanalysis Theory: War Based Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma and Intergenerational Transfer of Psychopathology
Erdinç ÖZTÜRKa , Görkem DERİNa
aİstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Adli Tıp ve Adli Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sosyal Bilimler ABD, Psikotravmatoloji ve Psikotarih Araştırmaları Birimi, İstanbul, Türkiye
Öztürk E, Derin G. Dissoanaliz kuramı açısından savaş psikolojisi ve göç travması: Savaş kökenli kuşaklararası travma geçişi ve kuşaklararası psikopatoloji aktarımı. Öztürk E, editör. Savaş Psikolojisi. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2023. p.36-51.
Article Language: TR
ÖZET
Günümüzün kitlesel dissosiyojen çağında bireylerin hem çoklu bilinçleri, çoklu bellekleri, çoklu realiteleri ve çoklu kimlikleri ile kronik baskılardan, katastrofik savaşlardan, zorunlu göçlerden ve travmatik olaylardan uzaklaştırıcı bir hayat sürebilmeleri hem de kendilerinin oluşturdukları bir ''psikotoplumsal bilinç alyansı'' ekseninde aktüel hayatın olağan dinamiklerine adapte olabilmeleri, gelişim odaklı ve fonksiyonel bir yeni dünyanın inşaasının en temel koşullarından biridir. Gelişim odaklı ve fonksiyonel bir yeni dünyanın inşaasından önce savaşlar, zorunlu göçler, terör atakları ve soykırımlar gibi toplumsal travmatik yaşantıların dissoanalizinin gerçekleştirilmesi, kronik baskıların, boyun eğme modalitelerinin, kitlesel şiddet döngülerinin ve neden hala hem empatiden uzak yanlış çocuk yetiştirme stillerini uygulayarak hem de çocuklarımızı dissosiye ederek onlar üzerinde kontrol kurduğumuza dair dual dinamikleri ve çoklu bileşenleri algılayabilmemizi kolaylaştırmaktadır. Dissoanalitik kurama göre, insanlık tarihinin bütün zamanlarında dramatik büyük göçler ve şiddetli savaşlar sonrasında görülen kültürel kopmalar; gelişim hedefi olan bireylerin önünü açarak yeni bir toplumda yeni bir normalliğin, yeni bir insan profilinin ve yeni bir fonksiyonel aile yapılanmasının hüküm sürmesini imkanlı kılmaktadır. Hem kişinin içinde yaşadığı çağ dışı psikotoplumsal dinamiklerden kurtulmasını sağlayan hem de onun potansiyellerini kullanabilmesine olanak tanıyan şehir ya da ülke değişimleri, bireyin psikolojik açıdan pozitif bir yeniden yapılanmasına hizmet etmesi sebebiyle aslında ''gelişimsel göç'' olarak deneyimlenebilmektedir. Göç travmaları her zaman bireyler üzerinde negatif ruhsal etkiler yaratmamaktadır ki, gelişimsel göç bunun en tipik örneğini oluşturmaktadır. Savaş psikolojisi perspektifinden kitlesel şiddet olayları, soykırımlar ve terör atakları, dissosiyatif kördüğümler aracılığı ile kuşaklararası psikopatoloji aktarımlarının deneyimlenmesini olanaklı kılmaktadır. Kitlesel şiddet olayları, travmatize olmuş ve ruhsal açıdan adeta donmuş borderline toplumların hem dissosiyatif devrimlerine ket vurarak hem de bu borderline toplumlara primitif yanlış çocuk yetiştirme stillerini benimseterek kuşaklararası travma geçişine sebep olmakta ve onları baskıcı sistemler tarafından kontrol edilerek yaşamaya mahkum etmektedir. Dünyanın bütün toplumlarında savaş kökenli kuşaklararası travma geçişleri ve kuşaklararası psikopatoloji aktarımları, maksimal oranda dissosiyatif devrimlerle sonlandırılabilmektedir. Dissoanalitik ekole göre sadece bir ''gelişimsel bilinç birliği'' odağında; ruhsal açıdan sağlıklı ve entegre olan bireyler ya da toplumlar; kuşaklararası süreçte kendi çocuklarına öncelikle gerçekliği, empatiyi, doğayı sevmeyi, merhametli ve adil olmayı öğreterek savaştan uzak barış temelli gelişim odaklı yeni bir dünya yaratabilirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Dissoanaliz; savaş psikolojisi; göç travması; kuşaklararası travma geçişi; kuşaklararası psikopatoloji aktarımı; dissoanalitik psikotarih
ABSTRACT
In today's age of mass dissociation, individuals can both lead a life away from chronic opressions, catastrophic wars, forced migrations and traumatic events with their multiple consciousness, multiple memories, multiple realities and multiple identities, and adapt to the usual dynamics of actual life on the axis of a "psychosocial consciousness alliance" that they have formed, it is one of the most basic conditions for the construction of a development-oriented and new functional world. Before the construction of a development-oriented and new functional world, dissoanalysis of social traumatic experiences such as wars, forced migrations, terrorist attacks and genocides should be carried out. Dissoanalysis of social traumas facilitates our understanding of the dual dynamics and multiple components of chronic oppressions, submissive modalities, cycles of mass violence, and why we still practice both unempathetic negative child-rearing styles and dissociate and control our children. According to the dissoanalytic theory, cultural ruptures seen after dramatic great migrations and violent wars in all times of human history; It can pave the way for individuals with a aim of development, making it possible for a new normality, a new human profile and a new functional family structure to prevail in a new society. City or country changes, which both enable people to get rid of the outdated psychosocial dynamics they live in and enable them to use their potential, can actually be experienced as "developmental migration" because they serve a positive psychological restructuring of the individual. Migration traumas do not always create negative psychological effects on individuals, developmental migration is the most typical example of this. In terms of war psychology, mass violence events, genocides and terror attacks make it possible to experience intergenerational transfers of psychopathology through dissociative deadlocks. Mass violence cause intergenerational transmission of trauma by inhibiting the dissociative revolutions of traumatized and mentally frozen borderline societies and by making these borderline societies adopt primitive negative child-rearing styles and condemn them to live under the orders of oppressive leaders of their choice. In all societies of the world, war-based intergenerational transmissions of trauma and intergenerational transfers of psychopathology can be ended with dissociative revolutions at the maximal rate. According to Dissoanalytic school, only in a ''developmental unity of consciousness'' focus; individuals or societies that are mentally healthy and integrated; in the intergenerational process, they can create a new world focused on peace-based development away from war by teaching their children first of all about reality, empathy, love of nature, being compassionate and fair.

Keywords: Dissoanalysis; war psychology; migration trauma; intergenerational transmission of trauma; intergenerational transfer of psychopathology; dissoanalytic psychohistory

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