Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: REVIEW
Diyet Kalitesinin Belirlenmesinde Sıklıkla Kullanılan İndeksler: Geleneksel Derleme
Frequently Used Indices for Determining Diet Quality: Traditional Review
Gözde ÇALIŞKAN AKIMALa, Yasemin AÇARb, Şeyma ŞEHADET TAŞDEMİRc, Merve Nur ASLANd , Eda KÖKSALb
aMuş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Muş, Türkiye
bGazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
cBitlis Eren Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Bitlis, Türkiye
dBolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Bolu, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2023;8(2):354-61
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2023-95423
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Diyet kalitesi; bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarının ve bazı hastalık risklerinin değerlendirilmesinde önemli bir kavram olarak yer almakta ve genellikle bireyin beslenme örüntüsünün önerilere uygunluk düzeyini belirlemek için kullanılmaktadır. Diyet kalitesi kavramının evrensel bir tanımı olmamasına rağmen besinlerin yeterliliği, çeşitliliği, ölçülü alımı ve besin gruplarının, enerji ve besin ögelerinin dengeli dağılımı olmak üzere 4 ana bileşenden oluştuğu konusunda genel bir fikir birliği bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda diyet kalitesinin değerlendirilebilmesi için birçok ülkede tüketilen besinler, besin ögeleri ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının puanlamasına dayanan çok sayıda indeks geliştirilmiştir. Ancak bu indekslerin diğer ülkelerde kullanılmak amacıyla uyarlanması durumunda o ülkenin beslenme rehberlerine uygunluğunun sağlanması ve beslenme örüntüsünün yansıtılması konusunda yetersiz kaldığı durumlar söz konusudur. Bu nedenle uluslararası düzeyde ortak kullanım için geliştirilmiş indeksler bulunmaktadır. Bu indekslerden ulusal olarak geliştirilen ancak uluslararası düzeyde kullanılan Akdeniz Diyet Kalite İndeksi ve Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi gibi indekslerin yanı sıra uluslararası düzeyde geliştirilen Uluslararası Diyet Kalite İndeksi, Küresel Diyet Kalite Skoru, Prime Diyet Kalite Skoru, Yeterli Besin Ögesi Alım Olasılığı Skoru, Kadınlar için Minimum Diyet Çeşitliliği, Hipertansiyonun Önlenmesi için Diyet Yaklaşımları Diyet İndeksi, Sağlıklı Gezegen Diyet İndeksi ve Uluslararası DiyetSağlık İndeksi gibi indeksler bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede, erişkin bireylerde uluslararası düzeyde yaygın olarak kullanılan diyet kalite indekslerinin incelenmesi ve diyet kalitesini değerlendirmeye yönelik yapılacak çalışmalara yol gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Diyet; diyet kalite indeksi; indeks
ABSTRACT
 Diet quality is an important concept in the evaluation of individuals' nutritional habits and some disease risks and is generally used to determine the compliance level of the individual's nutritional pattern with the recommendations. Although there is no universal definition of the concept of diet quality, there is a general consensus that it consists of 4 main components: adequacy, variety, moderate intake of nutrients, and balanced distribution of food groups, energy, and nutrients. In this context, many indices based on the scoring of the foods, nutrients, and nutritional habits consumed in many countries have been developed to evaluate diet quality. However, if these indices are adapted for use in other countries, there are cases where they are insufficient to comply with the nutritional guidelines of that country and to reflect the nutrition pattern. For this reason, there are indexes developed for common use at the international level. Among these indices, such as the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index and the Health Eating Index developed nationally but used internationally, and the Diet Quality Index International developed at an international level. There are many indexes such as Global Diet Quality Score, Prime Diet Quality Score, Probability of Adequate Nutrient Intake Score, Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet Index, Healthy Planet Diet Index, and International Diet-Health Index. In this review, it is aimed to examine the diet quality indices that are widely used in adults at the international level and to guide studies to evaluate diet quality.

Keywords: Diet; diet quality index; index
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