Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Doğurganlık Kaybı Yaşamamış Kadınların Bu Olguya Yönelik Algı ve Kaygıları: Nitel Çalışma
Perceptions and Perceptions of Women Who Have Not Experienced Fertility Loss Towards This Phenomenon: A Qualitative Study
Yeşim ÇETİNKAYA ŞENa , Esra ÖZERb , Gülten GÜVENÇc
aAnkara Üniversitesi Haymana Meslek Yüksekokulu, Yaşlı Bakım Programı, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ebelik Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
cSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Gülhane Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Hemşireliği, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2025;17(3):957-66
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2024-107477
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Doğurganlık; klinik gebelik oluşturma kapasitesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Kadınlar yaşamlarının bir döneminde anne olmak istemekte fakat günümüz de birçok neden kadınlarda doğurganlık kaybına sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, kadınların doğurganlığı algılama durumları ve doğurganlık kaybı ile karşı karşıya kaldıklarında, bu durumun yaşamlarında ne ifade ettiğini belirlemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma betimleyici niteliksel bir araştırma olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırmaya ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile 34 kadın katılmıştır. Örneklem sayısı, veri doygunluğu ilkesine göre belirlenmiştir. Araştırma verileri; tanıtıcı bilgi formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmacılar, verileri değerlendirirken kadınlardan alınan ses kayıtları ve yazılı belgeler üzerinde manuel olarak içerik analizi gerçekleştirmiştir. Çıkarılan kodlar karşılaştırılarak sınıflandırılmış, alt temalara ve ardından çalışmanın amaçlarına uygun temalara dönüştürülmüştür. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılanların yaşları 20 ile 49 arasında değişmekte olup, yaş ortalamaları 32,05'tir. Görüşmeler sırasında toplanan nitel veriler ile doğurganlık kaybı durumunu kapsamlı bir şekilde tanımlayan 4 ana tema ve 8 alt tema saptanmıştır. Ana temalar: 1) Doğurganlığın bu hayattaki yeri, 2) Neden doğurganlık azaldı, 3) Doğurganlık kaybında duygular, 4) Doğurganlıkta Kadın ve Erkeğin Rolü. Sonuç: Doğurganlık kaybı yaşamamış kadınların üreme konusuna derin bir anlam ve duygu yükledikleri gözlemlenmiştir. Bu anlam ve duyguların oluşumunda ve sürdürülmesinde eşlerin, aile bireylerinin, toplumsal yapıların ve kültürel normların önemli bir rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Özellikle ergenlik döneminde başlayacak cinsiyet eşitliği temelli eğitim programlarıyla farkındalık artırılmalı; kadınların üreme kararları üzerindeki öznel iradeleri desteklenmelidir. Üremenin yalnızca biyolojik bir zorunluluk değil, aynı zamanda bireysel ve sosyal bir tercih olduğu anlayışının yaygınlaştırılması büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Doğurganlık; infertilite; nitel
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Fertility is defined as the capacity to create a clinical pregnancy. It is a fundamental human desire to become a mother at some point in one's life. However, numerous factors can contribute to the loss of fertility in women. This study was planned to explore women's perception of fertility and what it means in their lives when faced with fertility loss. Material and Methods: This study was planned as a descriptive qualitative research. A total of 34 women participated in the study using criterion sampling. The sample size was determined according to the principle of data saturation. Research data were collected with a descriptive information form and a semi-structured interview form. The researchers manually performed a content analysis on the audio recordings and written documents obtained from the women when evaluating the data. The extracted codes were compared, classified, and then organized into sub-themes and themes in line with the study's objectives. Results: Participants had a mean age of 32.05 years. The qualitative data collected during the interviews identified 4 main themes and 8 sub-themes that comprehensively describe the situation of declining fertility. The main themes are: 1) The place of fertility in this life, 2) Why fertility has decreased, 3) Emotions in fertility loss, and 4) The roles of women and men in fertility. Conclusion: It was observed that women who had not experienced fertility loss attached a deep meaning and emotion to the topic of reproduction. It is believed that spouses, family members, social structures, and cultural norms play a significant role in shaping and sustaining these meanings and emotions. Awareness should be increased, particularly with gender equalitybased education programs starting in adolescence, and the subjective will of women regarding their reproductive decisions should be supported. It is of great importance to popularize the understanding that reproduction is not only a biological necessity but also an individual and social choice.

Keywords: Fertility; infertility; qualitative
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