Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Ebeveyn Görüşleriyle İşitme Kayıplı Çocukların Profili: Kesitsel Çalışma
Profile of Children with Hearing Loss from the Views of Parents: Cross-Sectional Research
İclal ŞANa, Hatice KAVRUKb, Ayşenur AYKULa
aKTO Karatay Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Yüksekokulu, Odyoloji Bölümü, Konya, Türkiye
bNecmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Dil ve Konuşma Terapisi Bölümü, Konya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(4):1149-56
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-92611
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Konya ilinde bulunan özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde işitsel rehabilitasyon hizmeti alan işitme kayıplı çocukların ebeveynlerinin verdikleri bilgiler doğrultusunda çocukların demografik, doğum ve sağlık, işitme kaybı, müdahale ve aile profilini ortaya çıkarmak ve ebeveynlerin yasal olarak verilen haklar/hizmetler konularında düşüncelerini almaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmanın evrenini Konya ilinde yaşayan işitme cihazı ve/veya işitsel implant kullanıcısı işitme kayıplı çocukların ebeveynleri oluşturmuştur. Çevrim içi sorucevap formu 135 ebeveyn tarafından yanıtlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri, 60 sorudan oluşan çevrim içi soru-cevap formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Soru-cevap formundaki sorular demografik bilgiler, doğum ve sağlık, işitme kaybı, yasal haklar, aile profili ve müdahale başlıklarında yer almıştır. Bulgular: İşitme kayıplı çocukla en çok annenin ilgilendiği, ebeveynlerin yaklaşık yarısının çocuklarının işitme kaybını kabullenemedikleri ve bazı ebeveynlerin rehberlik ve araştırma merkezlerinde yeterli hizmet alamadığına ilişkin sorunlar yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynlerin çocuklarının rutin odyolojik değerlendirmelerini 1 yıl üzeri aralıklarla yaptırdıkları bulunmuştur. İşitme kaybının fark edilmesi en yüksek oranda 0-6 aylar arasında gerçekleşirken, teşhis yaşının daha geç olduğu belirlenmiştir. İşitme kayıplı çocukların 2/3'ü yenidoğan işitme taramasından kalmıştır. Yüksek oranlarda olmasa da gebelikte ilaç kullanımı, erken doğum, düşük doğum ağırlığı, yenidoğan yoğun bakımda kalma, ek problemlerin varlığının işitme kaybı için risk faktörü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, edinilmiş işitme kaybında yüksek risk faktörü olarak çocukluk çağı hastalıklarının yer alabileceği düşünülmüştür. Sonuç: İşitme kayıplı çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerden alınan bilgiler doğrultusunda işitme kayıplı çocukların profili çıkarılmıştır. Ebeveynlere sağlanan doğum ve sağlık, işitme kaybı, yasal haklar, aile eğitimi ve müdahaleye ilişkin hizmetlerin bütün olarak sunulması ve bu hizmetlerin daha nitelikli verilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Pediatri; işitme kaybı; işitme cihazları; koklear implantlar; ebeveynler
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To reveal the demographic, birth and health, hearing loss, intervention and family profile of the children in line with the information given by the parents of the children with hearing loss who receive auditory rehabilitation services in the special education and rehabilitation centers in Konya, and to get their opinions on the legal rights/services of the parents. Material and Methods: The population of the study consisted of the parents of children with hearing loss who use hearing aids and/or auditory implants living in Konya. Online question-answer form was answered by 135 parents. Research data were collected through an online question-answer form consisting of 60 questions. The questions in the question-answer form were included in the main titles of demographic information, birth and health, hearing loss, legal rights, family profile and intervention. Results: It has been determined that the mother is the most concerned with the child with hearing loss, nearly half of the parents cannot accept the hearing loss of their children, and some parents have problems related to the lack of adequate service in the guidance and research centers. It was found that parents made their children's routine audiological evaluations at intervals of more than one year. Hearing loss was noticed at the highest rate between 0-6 months, while the age of diagnosis was found to be later. Two-thirds of children with hearing loss fail newborn hearing screening. Although not at high rates, it has been determined that drug use during pregnancy, preterm birth, low birth weight, staying in neonatal intensive care unit, and the presence of additional problems are risk factors for hearing loss. In addition, it has been thought that childhood diseases may take place as a high risk factor in acquired hearing loss. Conclusion: In line with the information received from parents of children with hearing loss, the profile of children with hearing loss was created. It is thought that the services provided to parents regarding birth and health, hearing loss, legal rights, family education and intervention should be provided as a whole and these services should be provided more qualified.

Keywords: Pediatrics; hearing loss; hearing aids; cochlear implants; parents
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