Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
İlaç Sınıflandırmaları ve Yüksek Riskli İlaç Kavramının Sağlık Çalışanları Tarafından Bilinirliği ve Meslek İçi Uygulamalarındaki Yeri
The Awareness of Drug Classifications and Concept of High Risk Drug by Healthcare Workers and Their Place in Professional Practice
Serkan KEMERa, Hakan ERGÜNa
aAnkara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Farmakoloji ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2021;41(1):51-62
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2020-78629
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: İlaç sınıflandırmaları, sağlık çalışanlarına lisans eğitimi sırasında, ağırlıklı olarak tedavide kullanıldıkları sistemlere göre öğretilmektedir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından tanımlanan Anatomik Terapötik Kimyasal [Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)] sınıflandırma sistemi başta olmak üzere bilinen ve kullanılan birçok sınıflama bulunmaktadır. Burada sunduğumuz anket çalışmasının amacı, sağlık çalışanlarının ilaç sınıflandırmaları ve spesifik olarak 'yüksek riskli ilaçlar' ile ilgili bilgi düzeyini ve rutin kullanımdaki tutumlarını belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamız, 256 sağlık çalışanına çevirim içi olarak çeşitli sosyal medya ve direkt mesajlaşma uygulamaları vasıtasıyla ulaşılarak, 19 soruluk bir anket ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sağlık çalışanlarının sınıflandırmalarla ilgili bilgi düzeyi ve tutumu ve 'yüksek riskli ilaç' sınıflandırması ile ilgili spesifik bilgi düzeyi verileri toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 130 (%50,8) tıp doktoru, 71 (%27,7) eczacı ve 55 (%21,5) hemşire katılmıştır. Katılımcıların 129 (%50,4)'u ATC ilaç sınıflandırmasını bilmediğini ve 182 (%71,4)'si rutinde kullanmadığını ifade etmiştir. Yüksek riskli ilaçlar ile ilgili spesifik ilaç risk sınıflandırması sorularına doğru yanıt veren katılımcı sayıları 146 (%59,3) ve 184 (%74,5) olmuştur. Sonuç: İlaçları sınıflandırmanın temel amacı, ilacın en yüksek fayda ile en güvenli şekilde kullanılmasını sağlamakla birlikte sağlık çalışanlarının da mesleki pratiklerini kolaylaştırmaktır. Akılcı ilaç kullanımı ilkeleri bağlamında ilaç reçeteleme, hazırlama ve uygulamadan sorumlu sağlık profesyonellerinin farkındalık ve bilgi düzeyinin mezuniyet sonrası eğitimlerle artırılmasında fayda olacağı düşünülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: İlaç sınıflandırmaları; temel ilaçlar; tedavi hataları; risk
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Drug classifications are taught to healthcare professionals during undergraduate education according to the systems they are used in predominantly. There are many known and used classifications, like the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system defined by the World Health Organization. The purpose of the survey study we present here is to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals about drug classifications and specifically 'high risk drugs'. Material and Methods: Our study was carried out with a 19-item questionnaire by contacting 256 healthcare workers, online through diverse social media and direct messaging applications. Level of knowledge and attitude data of healthcare workers regarding the classifications and the specific level of knowledge on 'high risk drug' classification were collected. Results: 130 (50.8%) medical doctors, 71 (27.7%) pharmacists and 55 (21.5%) nurses participated in the study. 129 (50.4%) of the participants stated that they did not know the ATC drug classification and 182 (71.4%) of them stated that they did not use it routinely. The number of participants who gave correct answers to specific drug risk classification questions related to high risk drugs was 146 (59.3%) and 184 (74.5%). Conclusion: The main purpose of classifying drugs is to ensure the safest use of the drug with the highest benefit, and to improve the practices of healthcare professionals. In the context of rational drug use principles, it is thought that it would be beneficial to increase the awareness and knowledge level of the healthcare professionals responsible for drug prescribing, dispensing and administering, with post-graduate trainings.

Keywords: Drug classifications; essential drugs; medication errors; risk
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