Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kadın ve Erkek Sporcularda Anaerobik Performans ve Reaktif Çeviklik Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Investigation of the Relationship Between Anaerobic Performance and Reactive Agility in Female and Male Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Erkan TORTUa, Bihter AKINOĞLUa,b, Adnan HASANOĞLUc, Tuğba KOCAHANd
aGençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı, Spor Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Sporcu Sağlığı, Performans ve Hizmet Kalitesi Dairesi Başkanlığı, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
cGençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı, Sağlık İşleri Dairesi Başkanlığı, Sporcu Eğitim Sağlık ve Araştırma Merkezi, Ankara, Türkiye
dSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Gülhane Tıp Fakültesi, Spor Hekimliği ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2022;14(1):49-55
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2021-85051
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kadın ve erkek sporcularda anaerobik performans ve reaktif çeviklik arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya tenis, güreş, karate, tekvando ve judo branşlarından 60'ı kadın, 60'ı erkek olmak üzere toplam 120 sporcu dâhil edilmiştir. Sporcuların anaerobik performansı Wingate testi ile reaktif çeviklik performansı kapalı bir alanda SpeedCourt' sisteminde değerlendirildi. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel hata düzeyi p<0,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda, kadın sporcuların erkek sporculara göre anaerobik güç ve reaktif çevikliğinin daha az olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sporcuların, anaerobik performans ile reaktif çevikliği arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde, kadın sporcularda rölatif ortalama güç ve rölatif zirve güç ile reaktif çeviklik performansları arasında negatif yönde düşük ve orta düzeyde (r=-521, r=-625) anlamlı ilişki olduğu (p<0,05); erkek sporcularda negatif yönde orta ve yüksek düzeyde (r=-621, r=-839) anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Kadın sporcularda rölatif zirve güç değerinin, reaktif çevikliğin %39'unu (R2=0,391); erkek sporcularda %70'ini (R2=0,704) açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları doğrultusunda yüksek patlayıcı güç değerlerine sahip sporcuların daha iyi reaktif çeviklik performansı sergiledikleri söylenebilir. Özellikle erkek sporcularda anaerobik güç, reaktif çeviklik becerisinin büyük bir kısmını karşılamaktadır. Bu nedenle özellikle erkek sporcularda ve reaktif çevikliğin spor performansına yüksek katkı sağladığı spor branşlarında, anaerobik güç ve kapasitenin geliştirilmesine yönelik antrenmanların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: SpeedCourt; spor; Wingate; performans
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between anaerobic performance and reactive agility in male and female athletes. Material and Methods: A total of 120 athletes, 60 women and 60 men, from tennis, wrestling, karate, taekwondo and judo branches were included in the study. The anaerobic performance of the athletes was evaluated with the Wingate test, the reactive agility performance in a SpeedCourt' system in a confined space. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between variables. Statistical error level was determined as p<0.05. Results: As a result of our study, it was determined that female athletes had less anaerobic power and reactive agility compared to male athletes (p<0.05). When the relationship between anaerobic performance and reactive agility of athletes was examined, it was found that there is a negative low and moderate (r=-521, r=-625) significant relationship between female athletes' relative average power and relative peak power and reactive agility performances (p<0.05). It was determined that there was a medium and high level (r=-621, r=-839) significant negative correlation in male athletes (p<0.05). In female athletes, 39% of the relative peak power value, reactive agility (R2=0.391); it was determined that it explained 70% (R2=0.704) of male athletes. Conclusion: In line with the results of this study, it can be said that athletes with high explosive power values exhibit better reactive agility performance. Especially in male athletes, anaerobic power meets the majority of reactive agility ability. For this reason, training to develop anaerobic power and capacity, especially in male athletes and in sports branches where reactive agility contributes greatly to sports performance is recommended.

Keywords: SpeedCourt; sport; Wingate; performance
REFERENCES:
  1. Born DP, Zinner C, Düking P, Sperlich B. Multi-directional sprint training ımproves change-of-direction speed and reactive agility in young highly trained soccer players. J Sports Sci Med. 2016;15(2):314-9. [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  2. Lopes-Silva JP, Franchini E. Developing anaerobic power and capacity for combat sports athletes. Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas. 2021;16(1):60-85. [Crossref] 
  3. Hofman N, Orie J, Hoozemans MJM, Foster C, de Koning JJ. Wingate test as a strong predictor of 1500-m performance in elite speed skaters. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017;12(10):1288-92. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  4. Jewkes R, Sikweyiya Y, Morrell R, Dunkle K. Gender inequitable masculinity and sexual entitlement in rape perpetration South Africa: findings of a cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e29590. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  5. Tabben M, Sioud R, Haddad M, Franchini E, Chaouachi A, Coquart J, et al. Physiological and perceived exertion responses during international karate kumite competition. Asian J Sports Med. 2013;4(4):263-71. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  6. Bouchard C, Taylor A, Simaneau J, Dulac S. Testing anaerobic power and capacity. In: MacDouall L, Wenger HA, Gren H, eds. Physiological Testing of the High Performance Athlete. 2nd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Books; 1991. p.175-221.
  7. Inbar O, Bar-Or O, Skinner JS. The Wingate Anaerobic Test. Champaign, IL: Human Kineties; 1996. p.2540.
  8. Falgairette G, Billaut F, Giacomoni M, Ramdani S, Boyadjian A. Effect of inertia on performance and fatigue pattern during repeated cycle sprints in males and females. Int J Sports Med. 2004;25(3):235-40. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  9. Soydan TA, Hazir T, Ozkan A, Kin-Isler A. Gender differences in repeated sprint ability. Isokinetics and Exercise Science. 2018;26(1): 73-80. [Crossref] 
  10. Hazir T, Kosar NS. Assessment of gender differences in maximal anaerobic power by ratio scaling and allometric scaling. Isokinetics and exercise science. 2007;15(4):253-61. [Crossref] 
  11. Fox EL, Bowers RW, Foss ML. The Physiological Basis for Exercise and Sport. 5th ed. New York: Brown & Benchmark; 1993. [Link] 
  12. Miller AE, MacDougall JD, Tarnopolsky MA, Sale DG. Gender differences in strength and muscle fiber characteristics. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1993;66(3):254-62. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  13. Clark BC, Manini TM, Thé DJ, Doldo NA, Ploutz-Snyder LL. Gender differences in skeletal muscle fatigability are related to contraction type and EMG spectral compression. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2003;94(6):2263-72. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  14. Semmler JG, Kutzscher DV, Enoka RM. Gender differences in the fatigability of human skeletal muscle. J Neurophysiol. 1999;82(6): 3590-3. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  15. Jaworowski A, Porter MM, Holmbäck AM, Downham D, Lexell J. Enzyme activities in the tibialis anterior muscle of young moderately active men and women: relationship with body composition, muscle cross-sectional area and fibre type composition. Acta Physiol Scand. 2002;176(3):215-25. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  16. Sheppard JM, Young WB. Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. J Sports Sci. 2006;24(9):919-32. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  17. Martindale RJ, Collins D, Daubney J. Talent development: A guide for practice and research within sport. Quest. 2005;57(4):353-75. [Crossref] 
  18. Singh H, Singh D. Analysis of agility among male boxing, judo and wrestling players. International Journal of Yogic, Human Movement and Sports Sciences. 2021;6(1):84-6. [Link] 
  19. Scanlan A, Humphries B, Tucker PS, Dalbo V. The influence of physical and cognitive factors on reactive agility performance in men basketball players. J Sports Sci. 2014;32(4):367-74. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  20. Armstrong R, Greig M. The functional movement screen and modified star excursion balance test as predictors of t-test agility perfor mance in university rugby union and netball players. Phys Ther Sport. 2018;31:15-21. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  21. Appelbaum LG, Erickson G. Sports vision training: A review of the state-of-the-art in digital training techniques. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2018; 11(1):160-89. [Crossref] 
  22. Düking P, Born DP, Sperlich B. The speedcourt: Reliability, usefulness, and validity of a new method to determine change-of-direction speed. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2016;11(1):130-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  23. Khodaei K, Mohammadi A, Badri N. A comparison of assisted, resisted, and common plyometric training modes to enhance sprint and agility performance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(10):1237-44. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  24. Spori? G, Milanović L, Jukić I, Omrčen D, Sampedro Molinuevo J. The effect of agility training on athletic power performance. Kinesiology. 2010;42(1):65-72. [Link] 
  25. Thomas K, French D, Hayes PR. The effect of two plyometric training techniques on muscular power and agility in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2009;23(1):332-5. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  26. Paul DJ, Gabbett TJ, Nassis GP. Agility in team sports: Testing, training and factors affecting performance. Sports Med. 2016; 46(3): 421-42. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  27. ?imonek J, Horička P, Hianik J. Differences in pre-planned agility and reactive agility performance in sport games. Acta Gymnica. 2016;46(2):68-73. [Crossref] 
  28. Zemková E. Differential contribution of reaction time and movement velocity to the agility performance reflects sport-specific demands. Human movement. 2016;17(2):94-101. [Crossref] 
  29. Young W, Farrow D. A review of agility: Practical applications for strength and conditioning. Strength and conditioning journal. 2006;28(5): 24-9. [Crossref] 
  30. Chaabene H, Negra Y, Capranica L, Bouguezzi R, Hachana Y, Rouahi MA, et al. Validity and reliability of a new test of planned agility in elite taekwondo athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2018;32(9):2542-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  31. Demirhan B, Botobaev B, Canuzakov K, Geri S. Investigation of agility levels according to different sport branches. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 2017;19(1):1-6. [Link] 
  32. Sienkiewicz-Dianzenza E, Maszczyk Ł. The impact of fatigue on agility and responsiveness in boxing. Biomedical Human Kinetics. 2019;11:131-5. [Crossref] 
  33. Lochinbekovich KU, Rakhimovich SK, Mirzamatovich TS. Improving ability of young boxers through action games. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology. 2020;17(6):3207-16. [Link] 
  34. Jovanovic M, Sporis G, Omrcen D, Fiorentini F. Effects of speed, agility, quickness training method on power performance in elite soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(5): 1285-92. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  35. Mann JB, Ivey PA, Mayhew JL, Schumacher RM, Brechue WF. Relationship between agility tests and short sprints: Reliability and smallest worthwhile difference in national collegiate athletic association division-ı football players. J Strength Cond Res. 2016;30(4):893-900. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date



Login



Contact


Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com