Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kimliklendirme ve Nesep Tayini İçin Otozomal SNP Lokuslarının Belirlenmesi
Determination of Autosomal SNP Loci for the Identification and Paternity Tests
Özlem BÜLBÜLa, Doruk ARGAÇa, M. Saqib SHAHZADb, Gönül FİLOĞLUa, Havva ALTUNÇULa
aİstanbul Üniversitesi Adli Tıp Enstitüsü, İstanbul
bUniversity of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med. 2013;10(1):7-13
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Son yirmi senedir adli kimliklendirmede kısa tekrar dizinleri [short tandem repeat (STR)] lokusları kullanılmasına rağmen bozulmuş ve beklemiş eski biyolojik örneklerin tiplendirilmesinde sorunlar yaşanmaktadır. Bu nedenle STR lokuslarına alternatif yeni polimorfik bölgeler keşfedilmiştir. Eski ve bozulmuş örneklerde son zamanlarda tek nükleotid polimorfizmi [single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)] lokusları tercih edilmektedir. SNP'ler, genomda tek bir nükleotid değiştiğinde açığa çıkan DNA dizi varyasyonlarıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; adli bilimlerde kullanımı giderek artmakta olan ve gelecekte STR lokuslarının yerini alacağı öngörülen SNP lokuslarını laboratuvarımızda optimize etmek (deney koşullarını iyileştirmek) ve validasyon (geçerli kılma) çalışmalarını yapmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, araştırmaya gönüllü katılmayı kabul eden 29 kişinin ağız içi sürüntüsü veya kan lekesi örnekleri kullanıldı. DNA izolasyonu Fenol-Kloroform-İzoamil alkol ve QIAamp DNA Mini Kit kullanılarak yapıldı. Yirmi dokuz otozomal SNP lokusununun belirlenmesi için minisekanslama tekniğine dayalı SNaPshot kiti (Applied Biosystems) kullanıldı. Örnekler ABI 310 Genetik Analizör cihazında yürütüldü ve analizi edildi. Bulgular: Yirmi dokuz SNP lokusunu optimize ettikten sonra validasyon çalışmaları yapıldı. Bunun için; hassasiyet, tekrarlanabilirlik, kesinlik ve yeniden üretilebilirlik için laboratuvarlar arası karşılaştırmalar yapıldı. Araştırma sonunda 29 SNP setinin en uygun çalışma koşulları belirlendi ve validasyon çalışması başarı ile gerçekleştirildi. Yirmi dokuz kişinin çalışılan 29 SNP bölgesine ait profilleri (genotipi) belirlendi. Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre 29 SNP seti ile kişiler birbirinden ayrılabilir. Validasyonu tamamlanan 29 SNP lokusu adli laboratuvarlarda kimliklendirmede kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çok biçimlilik, tek nükleotid; adli genetik; polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu
ABSTRACT
Objective: The last 20 years, short tandem repeats (STRs) are used for identification in forensic sciences. But it is not possible to get the whole genotype especially we confront degraded and ancient samples. For this reason, alternative new STR loci polymorphic sites were discovered. Recently single nucleotid polymorphism (SNPs) are being preferred to degraded and ancient samples. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a DNA sequence variation occurring when a single nucleotide in the genome. The aim of this study is optimising and to validate SNPs loci in our laboratory conditions so that these may be use to replace STR system in future. Material and Methods: In this study, parameters to test autosomal 29 SNP loci have been validated using samples of blood pattern or buccal swabs from 29 healthy induvidual. DNA was extracted using phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol method and QIAamp DNA Mini Kit method. Single base extension reaction is done with SNaPhot minisequensing technic and subsequent detection with an ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer. Results: After optimisation of the 29 SNP loci, validation study is performed. We tested the sensitivity, reproducibility, presicion and external proficiency. We succesfully optimized and validated autosomal 29 SNPs. We genotyped 29 indivudal for the described loci. Conclusion: Obtained results shows that 29 SNP multiplex can be discriminate each person. These validated 29 SNP loci can be used in forensic laboratories for identification.

Keywords: Polymorphism, single nucleotide; forensic genetics; polymerase chain reaction

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