Pandemi Psikolojisi

Koronavirüs Pandemisi Sürecinde Sosyo-ekonomik Düzeyin ve Ekonomik Kaygıların Psikolojik İyi Oluştaki Rolü
The Role of Socio-economic Status and Anxiety for Economic Conditions in Psychological Well-being During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Betül KANIKa, Nevin SOLAKb, Özden Melis ULUĞc
aHacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü, Sosyal Psikoloji ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bTED Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü, Sosyal Psikoloji ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
cClark Üniversitesi Psikoloji Bölümü Worcester, ABD
Kanık B, Solak N, Uluğ ÖM. Koronavirüs pandemisi sürecinde sosyo-ekonomik düzeyin ve ekonomik kaygıların psikolojik iyi oluştaki rolü. Çukur CŞ, Yalçınkaya Alkar Ö, editörler. Pandemi Psikolojisi. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.51-8.
Article Language: TR
ÖZET
Psikolojik sağlıkla ilgili yapılan birçok çalışma, düşük sosyo-ekonomik düzeyin psikolojik sağlık için bir risk faktörü olduğunu göstermiştir. Koronavirüs küresel pandemisinin yaşandığı bu süreçte pandemi, psikolojik sağlık alanında olduğu kadar sosyo-ekonomik bağlamda da pek çok olumsuz dönüşüme sebep olmaktadır. Mevcut araştırma, bireylerin a) demografik değişkenlerinin (yaş ve cinsiyet), b) algılanan sosyo-ekonomik düzeylerinin, c) nesnel sosyo-ekonomik düzeylerinin (gelir, eğitim, hanede birlikte yaşanılan kişi sayısı), d) sosyal sınıflarının günlük yaşamları üzerindeki etkisine yönelik algılarının ve e) hem kişisel ekonomik durumlarına hem de ülkenin ekonomik durumuna yönelik kaygılarının pandemi sürecindeki psikolojik iyi oluşlarını yordayıp yordamadığını incelemektedir. Hiyerarşik regresyon analizi bulgularına göre (N=1210), cinsiyetin ve algılanan sosyo-ekonomik düzeyin bireylerin iyi oluş halini yordadığı görülmüştür. Yine aynı analizin sonucunda sosyal sınıflarının gündelik yaşamlarını oldukça etkilediğini belirten bireylerin iyi olma hallerinin düşük olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Ayrıca gerçekleştirilen regresyon analizinde bireylerin kişisel ekonomik durumlarıyla ilgili endişeleri arttıkça iyi olma hallerinin de düştüğü bulunmuştur. Ancak bireylerin nesnel sosyo-ekonomik düzeyinin göstergeleri olan gelir düzeyleri ve eğitim düzeyleri regresyon bulgularına göre kişinin iyi olma düzeyini anlamlı olarak yordamamaktadır. Son olarak, bireylerin Türkiye'nin ekonomik durumuna ilişkin endişeleri de regresyon bulgularına göre iyi oluş üzerinde anlamlı bir yordayıcı değildir. Bulgular afet dönemlerinde sosyo-ekonomik düzey faktörlerinin ve bu faktörlerle ilgili kaygıların psikolojik sağlıkla ilişkileri çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; sosyo-ekonomik düzey; kaygı; iyi oluş; pandemi
ABSTRACT
Numerous studies have shown that low socio-economic status is a risk factor for psychological health problems. During these coronavirus pandemic times, the pandemic has caused many adverse outcomes in individuals' socio-economic situations as well as in their psychological health. The current research examined whether a) demographic variables (age and gender), b) perceived socio-economic status indicators c) objective socio-economic status indicators (income, education, household) d) individuals' perception about their social class's impact on their daily lives, and e) anxiety for one's economic situation and their country's economic situation predicted well-being during the pandemic. Hierarchical regression analysis results (N=1210) demonstrated that gender and perceived socio-economic status predicted well-being. The regression analysis results also showed that well-being was negatively related to the perception that their social class has an impact on their daily lives. In addition, according to the regression analysis results, feeling anxious about one's own economic situation negatively predicted wellbeing. However, the objective status indicators, such as income and education, did not significantly predict well-being. Likewise, the regression analysis results showed that feeling anxious about the economic situation in Turkey was not a significant predictor of well-being. The findings will be discussed in light of the link between socio-economic status-related factors and psychological well-being.

Keywords: COVID-19; socio-economic status; anxiety; well-being; pandemic

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