Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı Olan Bireylerde Deprem Sonrası Dispne Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Bir Araştırma
Evaluation of Post-Earthquake Dyspnea in Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Gülsen KARATAŞa , Nuran TOSUNb
aHasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Hemşirelik AD, Gaziantep, Türkiye
bHasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik AD, Gaziantep, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2025;17(3):810-8
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2024-106802
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı (KOAH) olan bireylerde deprem sonrası dispne durumunun değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı, nicel ve kesitsel tipteki çalışma, Kasım 2023- Mayıs 2024 tarihleri arasında yapıldı. Araştırmanın evrenini, Güneydoğu Anadolu'da bir ildeki devlet hastanesinde göğüs hastalıkları klinik ve polikliniklerindeki hastalar oluşturdu. Veriler; Hasta Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu ve Dispne-12 Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Analizlerde ikili değişkenler karşılaştırılırken ''Mann-Whitney U testi'', çoklu değişkenler karşılaştırılırken ''Kruskal-Wallis testi'' ve ''Spearman korelasyon'' analizi uygulandı. Bu çalışma için Dispne-12 Ölçeği'nin Cronbach alfa değeri 0,97; fiziksel alt boyutu Cronbach alfa değeri 0,94 ve duygusal alt boyutu Cronbach alfa değeri 0,97 olarak bulundu. Bulgular: Hastaların Dispne-12 Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 19,78±7,83 (minimum: 3, maksimum: 36), fiziksel alt boyutu toplam puan ortalaması 10,73±4,26 (minimum: 2, maksimum: 21) ve duygusal alt boyutu toplam puan ortalaması 9,05±3,76 (minimum: 1, maksimum: 15) olarak belirlendi. Hastaların Dispne-12 Ölçeği puan ortalamaları; sigara kullananlarda, okuryazar olanlarda, günlük kullandığı ilaç sayısı 1-4 olanlarda, deprem sırasında il merkezinde bulunanlarda, depremden sonra çadırda kalanlarda ve depremden sonra günde 3 veya daha fazla kez nefes darlığı yaşayanlarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: KOAH hastalarının deprem sonrası dispne düzeyinde artış yaşadığı ve depremden sonra yaşadıkları yer, sigara kullanımı ve komorbid hastalığa sahip olmanın dispne şiddetini etkileyen faktörler olduğu görüldü. Deprem sonrası hastaların sağlık bakım gereksinimlerine yönelik; bütüncül değerlendirilmesi, afetlere yönelik eğitimler planlanması, solunum fonksiyon testi gibi incelemelerin yapılması öncelikli olarak önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; deprem; dispne; kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate post-earthquake dyspnea in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Material and Methods: The descriptive, quantitative and crosssectional study was conducted between November 2023-May 2024. The population of the study consisted of patients in chest diseases clinics and outpatient clinics in a state hospital in a province in Southeastern Anatolia. Data were collected using the ''Patient Descriptive Characteristics Form'' and ''Dyspnea-12 Scale''. ''Mann-Whitney U test'' was used to compare binary variables, ''Kruskal-Wallis test'' and ''Spearman correlation'' analysis were used to compare multiple variables. For this study, the Cronbach's Alpha value of the Dyspnea-12 scale was 0.97; the physical sub-dimension Cronbach's Alpha value was 0.94 and the emotional subdimension Cronbach's Alpha value was 0.97. Results: The mean total score of the Dyspnea-12 Scale was 19.78±7.83 (minimum: 3, maximum: 36), the mean total score of the physical subdimension was 10.73±4.26 (minimum: 2, maximum: 21) and the mean total score of the emotional subdimension was 9.05±3.76 (minimum: 1, maximum: 15). A significant difference was found in the mean scores of the Dyspnea-12 Scale in smokers, literate patients, patients with 1-4 daily medications, patients who were in the city center during the earthquake, patients who stayed in tents after the earthquake and patients who experienced dyspnea 3 or more times a day after the earthquake (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that COPD patients experienced an increase in dyspnea level after the earthquake and the place where they lived after the earthquake, smoking and having comorbid diseases were factors affecting the severity of dyspnea. It is recommended that holistic evaluation, planning trainings for disasters, and performing examinations such as pulmonary function tests should be prioritized for the health care needs of post-earthquake patients.

Keywords: Nursing; earthquake; dyspnea; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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