Fanconi Anemia

.: PREFACE
ÖN SÖZ
PREFACE
Prof. Dr. Nevin YALMAN
Yeditepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk Hematolojisi ve Onkolojisi BD, Pediatrik Kemik İliği Nakli Ünitesi, İstanbul, Türkiye
Article Language: TR
Tanı ve Tedavisinde İlkeler ve Yaklaşımlar

Fanconi Anemisi'ne olan ilgim 1989-1990 yılları arasında Zürih Üniversitesi Pediatri Kliniği İmmünoloji-Hematoloji-Kemik İliği Transplantasyonu Merkezi'nde çalışırken Prof. Dr. Andreas Fanconi ile tanışmamız sonrası başladı. İstanbul'a döndükten sonra tanı koymada çok elzem olan Depoksibutan (DEB) ve Mitomisin C (MMC) testlerinin İstanbul'da yapılamadığını gördüm ve bu testlerin başlatılması için Dr. Ayhan Deviren ile temasa geçtim. Kendisi artmış kromozom kırıklarının gösterilmesinde gerekli olan bu testleri Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı'nda çalışarak rutine soktu ve hematologların Fanconi tanısı koymalarında yardımcı oldu. İlk olarak 1991 yılında İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Lösemili Çocuklar Vakfı Kemik İliği Nakil Ünitesi'nde bir FanconiAnemi hastasına azaltılmış hazırlık rejimi uygulayarak kemik iliği nakli yaptık. Bu hastamız büyüdü, İngilizce İşletme Fakültesi lisans ve yüksek lisans öğrenimini tamamladı ve şimdi özel bir şirkette çalışmaktadır. 1991 ila 2002 yılları arasında nakil yaptığımız 24 Fanconi Anemi hastasının nakil sonrası ciddi komplikasyonlar geliştirdiklerini gözlemledim. Bu hastalarımızın bir kısmında ağız içi ve yemek borusunda skuamöz hücreli karsinom, bir hastamızda da hepatosellüler karsinom gelişti. Kanser geliştiren Fanconi Anemili hastaların gecikmiş tanı almaları ve tedavileri sırasında artmış toksisite görmemiz üzerine, bu hastalarda daha modifiye, dozları azaltılmış kemoterapi ve radyoterapi yaklaşımlarına gereksinim olduğunu gördük. Bu nedenle multidisipliner bir ekip oluşturarak; hematoloji, diş hekimliği, patoloji, kulak burun boğaz, gastrointestinal cerrahi, radyasyon onkolojisi ve onkoloji anabilim dalları ile birlikte bu hastaları erken tanı için yakın takibe aldık ve tedavi protokolleri geliştirdik. Fanconi Anemili hastaların takiplerini bu tecrübeli ekip ile birlikte değerlendirerek yürüttük. Fanconi Anemi hastaları özel hastalar olup, fiziksel, klinik, psikolojik ve sosyal açıdan yakın takibe ve desteğe gereksinim gösterirler. Bana kitap editörlüğü teklifi geldiğinde konu olarak aklıma ilk 'FanconiAnemisi' geldi ve bu konunun gerekli ve yararlı olacağını düşündüm.

Hastalığın genetik tanısı, tedavi süreci,uygun donör seçimi, kök hücre nakli, sekonder kanser gelişimleri, hastaların yakın takibinin yıllar boyunca sürdürülmesi sebepleriyle Fanconi Anemisi'nde klinik yönetim süreci günümüzde hâlâ zorlu geçmektedir. Gelecekte bu konuda daha fazla bilimsel çalışma ve araştırmalar yapılması gereklidir, dolayısıyla bu kaynağın genç meslektaşlarım için bir rehber ve ilham kaynağı olmasını dilerim.

Bu kitabın hazırlanması için bana fırsat tanıyan Türkiye Klinikleri yönetimine ve bölümleri yazan tüm değerli meslektaşlarıma teşekkür ederim.

Prof. Dr. Nevin YALMAN
Editör
Principles and Approaches in Diagnosis and Treatment

My interest in Fanconi Anemia started after meeting and working together with Prof. Dr. Andreas Fanconi at the University of Zurich Pediatric Immunology-Hematology-Bone Marrow Transplantation Center between 1989-1990. After returning to Istanbul, I saw that Diepoxybutane (DEB) and Mitomycin C (MMC) tests which are crucial for diagnosis were not performed, and I contacted Dr. AyhanDeviren to start these tests. He routinized these tests necessary for demonstrating increased chromosome breaks in Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biology and helped hematologists to diagnose Fanconi Anemia. First in 1991, we performed a bone marrow transplantation to a Fanconi Anemia patient by applying decreased preparation regime in Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Association for Children with Leukemia Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit. This patient of ours grew up, completed their Bachelors and Masters education in Faculty of Management and now works in a private company. I observed that 24 Fanconi Anemia patients we performed bone marrow transplantation between 1991 and 2002 developed serious complications after transplantation. Some of these patients developed squamous cell carcinoma in mouth and esophagus, and one patient developed hepatocellular carcinoma. Upon seeing delayed diagnosis in cancer developing Fanconi Anemia patients and increased toxicity during their treatments, we observed that a modified approach, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy with decreased dosages is necessary. Thus, by establishing a multidisciplinary team along with hematology, dentistry, pathology, otorhinolaryngology, gastrointestinal surgery, radiation oncology and oncology departments, we followed up these patients for early diagnosis and developed treatment protocols. We performed the follow up of Fanconi Anemia patients by evaluating together with this experienced team. Fanconi Anemia patients are special patients and require physical, clinical, psychological and social follow up and support. When I received an offer on book editorship, I first thought of Fanconi Anemia and how necessary and beneficial it would be.

Today clinical patient management process of Fanconi Anemia is still difficult, due to genetical diagnosis, treatment process, suitable donor selection, stem cell transplantation, secondary cancer development, following up the patients for years. In the future, more scientific studies and research on this topic is necessary, therefore I hope this resource can be a guide and source of inspiration for my young colleagues.

I thank Türkiye Klinikleri management who gave me an opportunity to prepare this book, and all my esteemed colleagues who wrote the chapters.

Prof. Dr. Nevin YALMAN
Editor

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