Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Physical Activity Levels of Turkish Individuals withSpecial Educational Needs and Its Predictors
Özel Eğitim İhtiyacı Olan Türk Bireylerin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri ve Bunun Yordayıcıları
Melda Pelin YARGIÇa
aNecmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Konya, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2020;5(3):538-46
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2019-72834
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: It is known that physical activity levels of disabled individuals are lower than those of healthy individuals, both among adolescence and adulthood. This study aims to compare the physical activity levels of individuals with disabilities from various diagnosis groups and try to define the predictors of physical activity levels of individuals with disabilities. Material and Methods: A total of 275 participants (103 women and 172 men) with either one of the following disabilities (or their representatives) filled in the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form and a Participant Information Form: intellectual disabilities, hearing impairment, language- speech disorders, specific developmental disorder and pervasive developmental disorder. Results: Fifteen per cent of the participants were highly active (n=42), 20% were moderately active (n=54) and 65% were low level active (n=179). Total physical activity, high-intensity physical activity, walking amounts and daily average sitting time of the participants differed significantly between the diagnostic groups. (p<0.001, p=0.037, p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). People with hearing impairment were the most active and people with severe intellectual disability were the least active. Sex, diagnosis and the father's having postgraduate training were significant predictors of physical activity levels. Conclusion: Majority of the individuals with disabilities do not meet the minimum physical activity recommendations. Physical activity levels differ among various diagnoses groups and people with severe intellectual disability require the most attention.

Keywords: Exercise; developmental disabilities; intellectual disability; learning disorders; hearing loss; language development disorders
ÖZET
 Amaç: Engelli bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin hem ergenlik hem de yetişkinlik döneminde sağlıklı bireylerden daha düşük olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı tanı gruplarından engelli bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini karşılaştırmak ve engelli bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin bazı yordayıcılarını saptamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi - Kısa Form ve Katılımcı Bilgi Formu, şu tanılardan birine sahip toplam 275 katılımcı (103 kadın ve 172 erkek), ya da vasisi tarafından doldurulmuştur: Zeka Geriliği, işitme kaybı, konuşma ve dil özel gelişimsel bozukluğu, skolastik becerilerde özel gelişim bozukluklar ve yaygın gelişimsel bozukluklar. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %15'inin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi yüksek (n=42), %20'sinin orta (n=54) ve % 65'inin düşük (n=179) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Toplam fiziksel aktivite, şiddetli fiziksel aktivite, yürüme miktarları ve katılımcıların günlük ortalama oturma süresi; tanı grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir (sırasıyla, p<0,001, p=0,037, p=0,002 ve p=0,001). İşitme kaybı olan kişilerin fiziksel aktivitye düzeyi en yüksek iken, ağır zeka geriliği olan kişiler en az aktif olarak saptanmıştır. Cinsiyet, tanı ve babanın lisansüstü eğitim almış olması, katılımcıların fiziksel aktivitesinin anlamlı yordayıcılarıdır. Sonuç: Engelli bireylerin çoğunluğu asgari fiziksel aktivite önerilerini karşılamamaktadır. Fiziksel aktivite seviyeleri çeşitli teşhis grupları arasında farklılık gösterir ve ağır zeka geriliği olan kişiler bu hususta en fazla dikkati gerektirir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Egzersiz; gelişim yetersizlikleri; entellektüel engellilik; öğrenme bozukluğu; işitme kaybı; dil yeteneğinde gelişim kusurları
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