Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Protective Effect of Beta Glucan on Pulmonary Aspergillosis Model in Neutropenic Rats
Beta-Glukanın Nötropenik Sıçanlardaki Pulmoner Aspergilloz Modeli Üzerindeki Koruyucu Etkisi
Kenan HIZELa, Ayşe KALKANCIb, Kayhan ÇAĞLARb, Sibel AYDOĞANc, Murat DİZBAYa, Işıl FİDANb, Aylar POYRAZd, Semra KUŞTİMURb
Departments of aInfectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, bMicrobiology, dPathology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, cDepartment of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2010;30(5):1503-9
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2009-15332
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
Objective: Pulmonary aspergillosis is a serious opportunistic infection which might be fatal in immunocompromised patients. Immunity against aspergillosis requires the coordinated action of components of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Beta-glucan is one of the immunomodulatory agents which got much attention in recent years. It was used as a preventive agent for the development of infections. However, information about its the possible protective effect on fungal infections are limited. The aim of this study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of beta-glucan against Aspergillus fumigatus infection. Material and Methods: We evaluated oral beta glucan administration for its ability to enhance resistance of the rats to experimentally induced pulmonary aspergillosis. Fifty-eight rats were divided into three groups: Thirty five rats were immunosuppressed and infected with Aspergillus fumigatus (infected group); 15 were immunosuppressed, infected and treated with oral beta-glucan (beta-glucan group); and eight were healthy controls. Rats were sacrificed on the tenth day of the experiment and tissue specimens were cultured. Chitin, galactomannan antigen and glucan levels were detected. Results: Beta-glucan enhanced the resistance against Aspergillus infection. The survival rates were 62.9 % and 93.4% in the infected and beta-glucan groups, respectively (p< 0.05). Beta glucan also limited the fungal burden. Conclusion: Our results suggested that Aspergillus invasion did not develop in beta-glucan group in spite of the occurence of fungal colonization in neutropenic rats. Beta-glucan was able to improve the resistance against A. fumigatus infection.

Keywords: Aspergillosis; beta-glucans; cytoprotection; immunosuppression
ÖZET
Amaç: Pulmoner aspergilloz immün yetmezlikli hastalarda ölümcül olabilen ciddi bir fırsatçı enfeksiyondur. Asperjillozise karşı bağışıklık doğuştan gelen ve adaptif immün sistemlerin bileşenlerinin birlikte hareket etmesini gerektirir. Beta-glukan son yıllarda çok dikkat çeken immünomodülatör ajanlardan biridir. Enfeksiyon gelişiminde koruyucu ajan olarak kullanılmıştır. Fakat mantar enfeksiyonlarındaki olası koruyucu etkisi hakkındaki bilgi sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı beta-glukanın Aspergillus fumigatus enfeksiyonuna karşı olası koruyucu etkilerini araştırmaktı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Oral beta-glukan verilmesinin farelerin deneysel olarak oluşturulmuş pulmoner aspergilloza karşı direncini artırma yeteneğini değerlendirdik. Toplam 58 sıçan üç gruba ayrıldı: Otuzbeş sıçanın bağışıklığı baskılandı ve  Aspergillus fumigatus ile enfekte edildi (enfekte grup); 15inin bağışıklığı baskılanmıştı, enfekteydi ve oral beta-glukan ile tedavi edildi (beta-glukan grup); sekizi ise sağlıklı kontroldu. Sıçanlar deneyin onuncu gününde kesildi ve doku örnekleri kültüre edildi. Kitin, galaktomannan antijeni ve glukan düzeyleri saptandı. Bulgular: Beta-glukan Asperjillus enfeksiyonuna karşı direnci artırdı. Sağkalım oranları enfekte grupta ve beta-glukan grubunda sırasıyla %62.9 ve %93.4 idi (p< 0.05). Beta-glukan aynı zamanda mantar yükünü sınırladı. Sonuç: Bulgularımız nötropenik sıçanlarda mantar kolonizasyonu oluşmasına rağmen beta-glukan grubunda Aspergillus invazyonunun gelişmediğini ortaya koydu. Beta-glukan A. fumigatus enfeksiyonuna karşı direnci artırabildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Asperjilozis; beta-glukanlar; hücre koruma; immünosupresyon

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