Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Researching the Presence of P Dispersion Among Children of Adult Patients with Idiopathic Atrial Fibrillation
İdiyopatik Atriyal Fibrilasyonlu Erşkinlerin Çocuklarında P Dalga Dispersiyonu Varlığının Değerlendirilmesi
Serkan Bilge KOCAa, Senem ÖZGÜRb, Selmin KARADEMİRb, Süleyman KALAYCIc
aClinic of Endocrinology, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, TURKEY
bClinic of Pediatric Cardiology, Dr. Sami Ulus Children Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, TURKEY
cClinic of Cardiology, Zonguldak Atatürk State Hospital, Zonguldak, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2021;30(1):22-30
doi: 10.5336/pediatr.2020-75455
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
Objective: Interatrial and intraatrial conduction problems were detected in individiuals with atrial fibrillation (AF). Genetic studies in AF patients has been suggested that atrial and ventricular arrhythmias are both associated with common genes. The conduction patterns in atrial arrhythmias are defined by P-wave dispersion (PWD) index. Material and Methods: Twenty six children of 16 idiopathic AF patients and 29 healthy children from 29 different families were enrolled in the study. One group had a family history of idiopathic AF, in one of the parents. Electrocardiography findings [heart rate, rhythm, maximum (max) and minimum (min) durations of P wave, QT, QTc intervals, and also dispersions] were recorded. Electronic ruler measurement mean values were calculated from 3 subsequent cycles of the DII derivation. Results: Comparing the factors of Pmin, QRS, QTmax, QTmin, QTd, QTcmax, QTcmin, QTc dispersion and J point-T peak time, no significant difference was detected between the two groups (p>0.05). Pmax and PWD (108.4±11 ms versus 94.2±9.6 ms and 54±11 ms versus 43±9 ms p

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; child; electrocardiography
ÖZET
Amaç: Sinüs uyarılarının intraatriyal ve interatriyal ileti sürelerinde uzama atriyal fibrilasyon (AF) bulunan hastalarda gözlenen temel elektrofizyolojik bozukluklardandır. Genetik çalışmalarda idiyopatik atriyal ve ventriküler aritmilerin benzer genlerle ilişkisi saptanmıştır. Atriyal aritmili hastalardaki iletim kalıbı, P dalga dispersiyonu [P-wave dispersion (PWD)] adı verilen indeksle değerlendirilmektedir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 16 erişkin idiyopatik AF hastasının 26 sağlıklı çocuğu ve 29 farklı aileden 29 sağlıklı çocuk dâhil edildi. Ebeveynlerinden birinde idiyopatik AF olan çocuklar ve aile öyküsünde kalp hastalığı bulunmayan sağlıklı çocuklarda elektrokardiyografi bulguları [kalp hızı, ritim, P dalgası, QT ve QTc intervallerinin maksimum (maks) ve minimum (min) süreleri, QT, QTc ve PWD] kaydedildi. Ölçümler D II derivasyonundan elde edilerek bilgisayar ortamında elektronik hassas cetvel ile üç ardışık derivasyon ölçümlerinin ortalaması alındı. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunda sırasıyla Pmaksve PWD daha yüksek (108,4±11 ms; 94,2±9,6 ms, 54±11 ms; 43±9 ms p0,05). Sonuç: PWD, presemptomatik evredeki AF olasılığını belirlemek için kullanılabilir. Aile öyküsünde idiyopatik AF olan çocukların erişkin dönemde AF geliştirme açısından uzun dönemde izlenmesi ve sonuçlarını içeren yeni çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Atriyal fibrilasyon; çocuk; elektrokardiyografi
REFERENCES:
  1. Papageorgiou P, Monahan K, Boyle NG, Seifert MJ, Beswick P, Zebede J, et al. Site-dependent intra-atrial conduction delay. Relationship to initiation of atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 1996;94(3):384-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  2. Tanigawa M, Fukatani M, Konoe A, Isomoto S, Kadena M, Hashiba K, et al. Prolonged and fractionated right atrial electrograms during sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and sick sinus node syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991;17(2):403-8.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  3. Centurion OA, Isomoto S, Fukatani M, Shimizu A, Konoe A, Tanigawa M, et al. Relationship between atrial conduction defects and fractionated atrial endocardial electrograms in patients with sick sinus syndrome. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993;16(10):2022-33.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  4. Dilaveris PE, Gialafos EJ, Sideris SK, Theopistou AM, Andrikopoulos GK, Kyriakidis M, et al. Simple electrocardiographic markers for the prediction of paroxysmal idiopathic atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J. 1998;135(5 Pt 1):733-8.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  5. Aytemir K, Ozer N, Atalar E, Sade E, Aksöyek S, Ovünç K, et al. P wave dispersion on 12-lead electrocardiography in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000;23(7):1109-12.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  6. Chang CM, Lee SH, Lu MJ, Lin CH, Chao HH, Cheng JJ, et al. The role of P wave in prediction of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery surgery. Int J Cardiol. 1999;68(3):303-8.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  7. Dilaveris PE, Gialafos EJ, Chrissos D, Andrikopoulos GK, Richter DJ, Lazaki E, et al. Detection of hypertensive patients at risk for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during sinus rhythm by computer-assisted P wave analysis. J Hypertens. 1999;17(10):1463-70.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  8. Ozer N, Aytemir K, Atalar E, Sade E, Aksöyek S, Ovünç K, et al. P wave dispersion in hypertensive patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000;23(11 Pt 2):1859-62.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  9. Guntekin U, Gunes Y, Tuncer M, Gunes A, Sahin M, Simsek H. Long-term follow-up of P-wave duration and dispersion in patients with mitral stenosis. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2008;31(12):1620-4.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  10. Chávez E, González E, Llanes Mdel C, Garí M, García Y, García J, et al. P-wave dispersion: a possible warning sign of hypertension in children. MEDICC Rev. 2014;16(1):31-6.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  11. Ertuğrul İ, Akgül S, Derman O, Karagöz T, Kanbur N. Increased P-wave dispersion a risk for atrial fibrillation in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Eat Disord. 2016;24(3):289-96.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  12. Ciftel M, Yılmaz O, Kardelen F, Kahveci H. Assessment of atrial electromechanical delay using tissue Doppler echocardiography in children with asthma. Pediatr Cardiol. 2014;35(5):857-62.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  13. Kocaoglu C, Sert A, Aypar E, Oran B, Odabas D, Arslan D, et al. P-wave dispersion in children with acute rheumatic fever. Pediatr Cardiol. 2012;33(1):90-4.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  14. Babaoglu K, Altun G, Binnetoğlu K. P-wave dispersion and heart rate variability in children with mitral valve prolapse. Pediatr Cardiol. 2011;32(4):449-54.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  15. Köken R, Demir T, Sen TA, Kundak AA, Oztekin O, Alpay F, et al. The relationship between P-wave dispersion and diastolic functions in diabetic children. Cardiol Young. 2010;20(2):133-7.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  16. Yücel O, Yildiz M, Altinkaynak S, Sayan A. P-wave dispersion and P-wave duration in children with stable asthma bronchiale. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. 2009;9(2):118-22.[PubMed] 
  17. Sert A, Aslan E, Buyukınan M, Pirgon O. Correlation of P-wave dispersion with insulin sensitivity in obese adolescents. Cardiol Young. 2017;27(2):229-35.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  18. Tosun O, Karatoprak E. Increased QT and P-wave dispersion during attack-free period in pediatric patients with migraine attacks. Cardiol Young. 2019;29(4):488-91.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  19. Bornaun HA, Yılmaz N, Kutluk G, Dedeoğlu R, Öztarhan K, Keskindemirci G, et al. Prolonged P-Wave and QT Dispersion in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Remission. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:6960810.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  20. Kraikriangsri C, Khositseth A, Kuptanon T. P-wave dispersion as a simple tool for screening childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Med. 2019;54:159-63.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  21. Yildiz M, Pazarli P, Semiz O, Kahyaoglu O, Sakar I, Altinkaynak S, et al. Assessment of P-wave dispersion on 12-lead electrocardiography in students who exercise regularly. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2008;31(5):580-3.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  22. Day CP, McComb JM, Campbell RW. QT dispersion: an indication of arrhythmia risk in patients with long QT intervals. Br Heart J. 1990;63(6):342-4.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  23. Puljevic D, Smalcelj A, Durakovic Z, Goldner V. QT dispersion, daily variations, QT interval adaptation and late potentials as risk markers for ventricular tachycardia. Eur Heart J. 1997;18(8):1343-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  24. Buja G, Miorelli M, Turrini P, Melacini P, Nava A. Comparison of QT dispersion in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy between patients with and without ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. Am J Cardiol. 1993;72(12):973-6.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  25. Gussak I, Brugada P, Brugada J, Wright RS, Kopecky SL, Chaitman BR, et al. Idiopathic short QT interval: a new clinical syndrome? Cardiology. 2000;94(2):99-102.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  26. Ho TF, Chia EL, Yip WC, Chan KY. Analysis of P wave and P dispersion in children with secundum atrial septal defect. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2001;6(4):305-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  27. Ozmen F, Atalar E, Aytemir K, Ozer N, Açil T, Ovünç K, et al. Effect of balloon-induced acute ischaemia on P wave dispersion during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Europace. 2001;3(4):299-303.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  28. Tükek T, Akkaya V, Atilgan D, Demirel E, Ozcan M, Güven O, et al. Effect of left atrial size and function on P-wave dispersion: a study in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Clin Cardiol. 2001;24(10):676-80.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  29. Dilaveris P, Raftopoulos L, Giannopoulos G, Katinakis S, Maragiannis D, Roussos D, et al. Prevalence of interatrial block in healthy school-aged children: definition by P-wave duration or morphological analysis. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2010;15(1):17-25.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  30. Akyuz A, Alpsoy S, Akkoyun DC, Nalbantoglu B, Ozdilek B, Donma MM, et al. Does low birth weight affect P-wave and QT dispersion in childhood? Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2013;36(12):1481-7.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  31. Chávez E, González E, Llanes Mdel C, Garí M, García Y, García Sáez J, et al. Relationship between P wave dispersion, left ventricular mass index and blood pressure. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2013;111(3):206-12. English, Spanish.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  32. Amoozgar H, Barekati M, Farhani N, Pishva N. Effect of birth asphyxia on p wave dispersion. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81(3):238-42.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  33. Lee DH, Lee KM, Yoon JM, Lim JW, Kho KO, Kil HR, et al. P wave dispersion on 12-lead electrocardiography in adolescents with neurocardiogenic syncope. Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(11):451-5.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  34. Salama M, El-Nemr S, Badraia I, Zoair A. P-wave and QT dispersion in children with βeta-Thalassemia. Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research. 2020;32(1):38-45.[Crossref] 
  35. Cenk M, Akalın F, Şaylan BÇ, Ak K. P wave dispersion in assessment of dysrhythmia risk in patients with secundum type atrial septal defect and the effect of transcatheter or surgical closure. Cardiol Young. 2020;30(2):263-70.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  36. Çetin M, Yavuz İH, Gümüştaş M, Yavuz GÖ. P wave dispersion, Tpeak-Tend interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio in children with psoriasis. Cardiol Young. 2020;30(3):318-22.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  37. Chen YH, Xu SJ, Bendahhou S, Wang XL, Wang Y, Xu WY, et al. KCNQ1 gain-of-function mutation in familial atrial fibrillation. Science. 2003;299(5604):251-4.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  38. Gollob MH, Jones DL, Krahn AD, Danis L, Gong XQ, Shao Q, et al. Somatic mutations in the connexin 40 gene (GJA5) in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(25):2677-88.[Crossref] [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date

Login



Contact


Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com