Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Self-Handicapping and Self-esteem Levels of Turkish Category I Wrestling Referees
Kategori I Türk Güreş Hakemlerinin Kendini Sabotaj ve Benlik Saygısı Düzeyleri
Yetkin Utku KAMUKa
aDepartment of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Hitit, Çorum, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2020;12(3):379-86
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2020-74853
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Self-esteem and self-handicapping were considered as some of the components that affect success. This paper aimed to investigate self-esteem and self-handicapping levels of active Category I (top-level) wrestling referees in Turkey. Material and Methods: A personal information questionnaire, Rosenberg's (1965) self-esteem scale which was adapted into Turkish by Cuhadaroglu (Öner, 2012) and Rhodewalt's (1990) self-handicapping scale which was adapted into Turkish by Akin (2012) were used to collect data. There were 22 Category I wrestling referees in Turkey when the study was conducted and each of them participated voluntarily. Differences between groups were analysed by using Mann-Whitney U and differences among multiple groups were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis H test. The level of agreement between two referee observers' scores was tested by using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Cohen's kappa. Results: It was found that the subjects had a relatively high level of self-esteem (mean=34.27) and a relatively low level of selfhandicapping score (mean=44.50). It was also found that self-esteem and self-handicapping scores of the subjects did not show any statistically significant difference by the level of income or level of education (p>.05). It was found that the level of experience caused self-handicapping scores to decrease as the level of experience increased but the difference was not enough to be statistically significant (p=0.28). Conclusion: It was concluded that Turkish Category I wrestling referees were selected in a proper way so that they have a good level of self esteem (34.27±3.94) and low level of self-handicapping (44.50±10.60).

Keywords: Psychology; performance; self-esteem; self-handicapping
ÖZET
 Amaç: Benlik saygısı ve kendini sabotaj kavramları, başarıyı etkileyen bileşenlerden bazılarıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de aktif olarak görev yapan Kategori I (en üst düzey) güreş hakemlerinin kendini sabotaj ve benlik saygısı düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Verilerin toplanması için; kişisel bilgi formu, Rosenberg (1965) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçe'ye uyarlaması Çuhadaroğlu tarafından yapılan benlik saygısı ölçeği (Öner, 2012) ile Rhodewalt (1990) tarafından geliştirilen ve Akın (2012) tarafından Türkçe'ye uyarlanan kendini sabotaj ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın yapıldığı esnada Türkiye Güreş Federasyonu bünyesinde görev yapan 22 adet Kategori I hakeminin tamamı gönüllü olarak çalışmaya katılmıştır. Gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar Mann-Whitney U testi ile çoklu gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar ise Kruskal-Wallis H testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Hakem gözlemcilerinin puanları arasındaki uyum, sınıfiçi korelasyon katsayısı ve kappa testi kulllanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Deneklerin göreceli olarak yüksek benlik saygısı düzeyine (ortalama=34,27) ve göreceli olarak düşük bir kendini sabotaj (ortalama=44,50) düzeyine sahip oldukları bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, benlik saygısı ve kendini sabotaj puanlarının aylık gelir düzeyi ya da eğitim düzeyine göre anlamlı bir farka sahip olmadıkları bulunmuştur (p>0,05). Mesleki tecrübe süresi arttıkça kendini sabotaj puanlarının azaldığı görülmüş ancak bu farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmaya yetecek düzeyde olmadığı (p=0,28) tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Türkiye Güreş Federasyonunda görevli Kategori I hakemlerinin iyi düzeyde benlik saygısı seviyesine (34,27±3,94) sahip oldukları ve kendini sabotaj düzeylerinin (44,50±10,60) düşük düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Psikoloji; performans; benlik saygısı; kendini sabotaj
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