Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Relationship Between Malnutrition, Depression and Quality of Life: A Descriptive Study Among Elderly Living at Home and Nursing Home Residents
Malnütrisyon, Depresyon ve Yaşam Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki: Evde ve Yaşlı Bakım Evinde Kalan Yaşlılarda Tanımlayıcı Bir Araştırma
Çağdaş Salih MERİÇa , Nurcan YABANCI AYHANb
aGaziantep University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Dietetics, Gaziantep, Türkiye
bAnkara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2025;10(2):282-92
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-105606
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was planned and conducted to evaluate the relationship between malnutrition, depression, and quality of life among elderly residents of homes and nursing homes. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted using a simple random sampling method and face-to-face interview technique with 210 elderly individuals, living in nursing homes (n: 104) and their own homes (n: 106) in Ankara. The questionnaire form applied to the elderly includes the sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional habits of elderly individuals and the "Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF)", "WHO-Quality of Life InstrumentOlder Adults Module (WHOQOL-OLD)" and "Geriatric Depression ScaleShort Form (GDS-SF)", which evaluate the malnutrition, quality of life and depression scores of elderly individuals, respectively. Results: Malnutrition and depression were found to be higher in nursing home residents compared to elderly living at home (p<0.05). The level of depression was higher; the quality of life scores were lower in malnourished elderly (11.0±2.2 and 58.7±7.4; respectively) compared to those who show normal nutritional status (4.4±3.1 and 89.6±12.5; respectively) (p<0.05), and nursing home residents (6.7±3.8 and 78.0±17.1; respectively) compared to living at home (5.3±3.7 and 87.5±14.1; respectively) (p<0.05). A strong positive correlation was found between malnutrition and quality of life scores of the elderly, and a strong negative correlation was found between malnutrition and depression scores (p<0.05). Conclusion: Multidisciplinary health professionals, especially dietitians, should be consulted to reduce depression and improve the quality of life that affects malnutrition in the elderly, and more comprehensive scientific research should be conducted on this subject.

Keywords: Nutrition; depression; malnutrition; quality of life; elderly
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma evde ve yaşlı bakım evinde kalan yaşlılarda malnütrisyon, depresyon ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla planlanmış ve yürütülmüştür. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipte planlanan bu araştırma, basit rastgele örneklem metodu ve yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak Ankara'daki yaşlı bakım evleri (n:104) ile kendi evlerinde yaşayan (n:106) toplam 210 yaşlı ile yürütülmüştür. Yaşlılara uygulanan anket formu, yaşlı bireylerin sosyodemografik özelliklerini, beslenme alışkanlıkları ile malnütrisyon, yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon skorlarını değerlendiren sırasıyla ''Mini Nütrisyonel DeğerlendirmeKısa Form (MNA-SF)'', ''Yaşlılar için Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Modülü (WHOQOL-OLD)'' ve ''Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeği-Kısa Form (GDS-SF)'' ölçeklerini içermektedir. Bulgular: Bakım evinde kalan yaşlılarda malnütrisyon ve depresyonun, evde kalanlara kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Malnütrisyonlu yaşlıların (11,0±2,2 ve 58,7±7,4; sırasıyla) normal nütrisyonel durum gösterenlere (4,4±3,1 ve 89,6±12,5; sırasıyla) kıyasla, bakım evinde kalanların da (6,7±3,8 ve 78,0±17,1; sırasıyla) evde kalanlara (5,3±3,7 ve 87,5±14,1; sırasıyla) kıyasla depresyon skorları anlamlı olarak yüksek, yaşam kalitesi skorları ise anlamlı olarak düşük bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Yaşlıların malnütrisyon ile yaşam kalitesi skorları arasında kuvvetli pozitif korelasyon, malnütrisyon ile depresyon skorları arasında ise kuvvetli negatif korelasyon belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Yaşlılarda malnütrisyonu etkileyen depresyon düzeylerinin azaltılması ve yaşam kalitelerinin artırılması için başta diyetisyenler olmak üzere multidisipliner sağlık profesyonellerine başvurulması ve bu konuda kapsamlı bilimsel araştırmaların yapılması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Beslenme; depresyon; malnütrisyon; yaşam kalitesi; yaşlı
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