Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Transarteryel Kemoembolizasyon
Transarterial Chemoembolization
Ramazan KUTLUa, Sinan KARATOPRAKa, Mehmet DEMİRBAŞa
aİnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Radyoloji ABD, Malatya, Türkiye
Kutlu R, Karatoprak S, Demirbaş M. Transarteryel kemoembolizasyon. Karasu AZ, editör. Hepatoselüler Karsinoma. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2022. p.83-90.
Article Language: TR
ÖZET
Karaciğerin en yaygın primer tümörü hepatoselüler kanser (HSK) olup, çoğu hasta tanı anında cerrahi tedaviye uygun değildir. Transarteryel kemoembolizasyon (TAKE), HSK hastalarında sağkalımı uzatan ve en sık kullanılan girişimsel tedavi yöntemidir. Klasik TAKE'de lipiodol kemoterapötik ajanı taşıyıcı olarak kullanılırken, Drug Eluting Beads (DEB)-TAKE'de polimer bazlı mikroküreler kullanılır. Her iki yöntem arasında sağkalım ve yan etki profili açısından belirgin fark olmadığı gibi kullanılan kemoterapötik ve embolik materyaller bakımından da fikir birliği yoktur. TAKE etkisini hem embolizasyon hem de lokal kemoterapi ile gösterir. TAKE, hastayı cerrahiye uygun hale getirebilir. Transplantasyona uygun hastalarda ise tümör hacmini küçültmek ve kontrol etmek amacıyla köprü tedavisi olarak da kullanılabilir. Orta evre tümörü bulunan, Child-Pugh Sınıf A veya B olan hastalar makrovasküler invazyonları yoksa ve performans durumları iyi ise TAKE'ye en uygun hasta grubunu oluşturur. İşlem sırasında cone-beam bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) kullanılması ve süperselektif yaklaşım HSK'li hastaların prognozunu olumlu yönde etkileyip tedavinin etkinlik ve güvenliğini artırabilir. İşlem sonrasında ciddi yan etki ve komplikasyon nadir olup postembolizasyon sendromu TAKE'nin en sık görülen yan etkisidir. TAKE, diğer lökorejyonel tedavilerle ve sistemik tedavilerle kombine edildiğinde progresyonsuz sağkalımı iyileştirebilir ve köprüleme veya evre düşürme için etkili olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Transarteryel kemoembolizasyon; hepatoselüler kanser
ABSTRACT
The most common primary tumor of the liver is hepatocellular cancer (HCC), and most patients are not suitable for surgical treatment at the time of diagnosis. Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) is the most commonly used interventional treatment method that prolongs survival in HCC patients. While the chemotherapeutic agent lipiodol is used as a carrier in classical TACE, polymerbased microspheres are used in DEB-TACE. There is no significant difference between the two methods in terms of survival and side-effect profile, and there is no consensus about the chemotherapeutic and embolic materials used. TACE shows its effect with both embolization and local chemotherapy. TACE can make the patient suitable for surgery. In patients who are suitable for transplantation, it can also be used as a bridge therapy to reduce and control the tumor volume. Patients with mid-stage tumors, ChildPugh Class A or B, do not have macrovascular invasion and if their performance status is good, they constitute the most suitable patient group for TACE. The use of cone-beam CT during the procedure and the superselective approach may positively affect the prognosis of patients with HCC and increase the efficacy and safety of the treatment. Serious side effects and complications after the procedure are rare, and postembolization syndrome is the most common side effect of TACE. TACE can improve progressionfree survival and be effective for bridging or downscaling when combined with other leukoregional therapies and systemic therapies.

Keywords: Transarterial chemoembolization; hepatocellular cancer

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