Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: REVIEW
Yasal Düzenlemelerin İzinde Radyolojide Uzmanlık Eğitiminin Tarihsel Gelişimi: Sistematik Derleme
The Historical Development of Speciality Training in Radiology in the Context of Legal Regulations: Systematic Review
Oğuz DİCLEa
aDokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Radyoloji AD, İzmir, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2025;33(2):86-92
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2025-108758
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Bu derleme ülkemizdeki radyolojik uzmanlık eğitiminin, cumhuriyetin kuruluşu ile birlikte şekillenişini, bu konuda yapılmış yasal düzenlemeler ışığında ele alınmaktadır. Bu süreçte konu ile ilgili çıkarılmış 1 kanun, 7 tüzük ve 2 yönetmelik ile bu mevzuatta farklı zamanlarda yapılan çok sayıda değişiklik gözden geçirilmiş ve uzmanlık eğitiminin gelişimi değerlendirilmiştir. Yasal düzenlemelerle yapılan güncellemelerin, alanın gelişen gereksinimlerine uygun olduğu, dünyadaki gelişimine oldukça paralel bir seyirle hareket ettiği gözlenmiştir. Yasal düzenlemelerin başlangıçta, uzmanlık eğitimine başlama, uzmanlık eğitim süresi ve uzmanlığı edinme süreçleri ile sınırlı olmasına karşın ilerleyen yıllarda eğitim programlarının içeriği, programların denetlenmesi, ölçme ve değerlendirme usulleri gibi ayrıntılara indiği de görülmektedir. Radyasyon onkolojisi ve nükleer tıp bilim dallarının radyoloji içerisinden ayrılma süreçleri de tarihsel bağlamda ele alınmaktadır. Uzmanlık eğitiminde yıllar içerisinde elde edilenler yanı sıra halen eksik sayılabilecek unsurlara da yazıda yer verilmiştir. Eğitim kurumlarına her yıl için açılacak uzmanlık öğrencisi kontenjanlarının bilimsel kurallarla belirlenmesi, eğitim programlarında uygun sürelerle rotasyonların gerçekleşmesi için yaptırımlar konulması, eğiticilerin ve uzmanlık öğrencilerinin akademik gelişimlerini destekleyici fonların oluşturulması, hizmet, eğitim ve araştırmalar için ayrılması gereken zaman dilimlerinin tanımlanması, yıllar içerisinde yüksek standartlara ulaşan yeterlilik sınavlarının uzmanlık eğitimine entegre edilmesi, bu belgeyi hedefleyici ve teşvik edici kuralların getirilmesi ileride yapılacak yeni düzenlemelerde yer alması beklenen konular olarak ifade edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Cumhuriyet tarihi; radyoloji; uzmanlık eğitimi; yasal düzenlemeler
ABSTRACT
 This review examines the formation of radiology residency training in our country, shaped alongside the establishment of the republic, in light of the legal regulations enacted on this matter. During this process, 1 law, 7 regulations, and 2 directives related to the subject, along with numerous amendments made to these over time, have been reviewed, and the development of residency training has been evaluated. It has been observed that the updates introduced through legal regulations align with the evolving needs of the field and closely parallel global advancements. While the initial regulations were limited to aspects such as starting residency training, the duration of residency, and the process of obtaining specialization, it is noted that, over the years, they expanded to cover details such as the content of training programs, the supervision of these programs, and methods for assessment and evaluation. The historical processes of radiation oncology and nuclear medicine becoming distinct disciplines from radiology are also discussed. In addition to highlighting the achievements in residency training over the years, the article also addresses aspects that may still be considered lacking. Issues expected to be addressed in future regulations include determining annual residency quotas for training institutions based on scientific criteria, enforcing measures to ensure appropriate rotations within training programs, establishing funds to support the academic development of educators and residents, defining time allocations necessary for service, education, and research, integrating qualification exams that have achieved high standards over the years into residency training, and introducing rules aimed at guiding and encouraging these objectives.

Keywords: The history of the republic; radiology; speciality training; legal regulations
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