Objective: To compare the effects of different types of virtual reality training (VRT) given in conjunction with conventional exercises on the spatiotemporal parameters (STP) of gait and balance in individuals with dementia. Material and Methods: This study was designed as a nonrandomized controlled study. Thirty participants were divided into VRT1 (Xbox 360 Kinect®+exercise), VRT2 (ALDA Balance Gear®+exercise), and control groups (exercise only). All 3 groups underwent training on a biweekly basis for a period of 6 weeks. The study employed the BTS G-Walk® to evaluate the STP of the gait, while the Berg Balance Scale and the Time Up and Go Test were utilized to assess the participant's balance. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups following the intervention (p>0.05). Significant intragroup improvements were observed in gait speed, and gait cycle time in both VRT1 and VRT2 groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. Moreover, different VRTs were not statistically superior to each other in individuals with dementia. Considering our findings, although there were small differences between the virtual reality groups, it was found that there were positive within-group improvements on speed and gait cycle duration in both virtual reality groups. In this context, VRT can be considered clinically useful in improving gait in individuals with dementia. However, long-term and comprehensive studies are needed to determine the effects of VRT on gait and balance in this patient group.
Keywords: Dementia; exercise; geriatrics; rehabilitation; virtual reality
Amaç: Demanslı bireylerde geleneksel egzersizlerle birlikte verilen farklı sanal gerçeklik eğitimlerinin [virtual reality training (VRT)] yürüyüşün zaman mesafe parametreleri [spatiotemporal parameters (STP)] ve denge üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, randomize olmayan kontrollü bir çalışma olarak tasarlandı. Otuz katılımcı VRT1 (Xbox 360 Kinect®+egzersiz), VRT2 (ALDA Balance Gear®+egzersiz) ve kontrol gruplarına (sadece egzersiz) ayrıldı. Her 3 gruba da 6 haftalık bir süre boyunca 2 haftada 1 eğitim verildi. Çalışmada yürüyüşün STP'yi değerlendirmek için BTS G-Walk® kullanılırken, katılımcıların dengesini değerlendirmek için Berg Denge Ölçeği ve Zamanlı Kalk Yürü Testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Müdahale sonrasında gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). Hem VRT1 hem de VRT2'de yürüyüş hızı, ve yürüyüş döngüsü süresinde anlamlı grup içi iyileşmeler gözlendi (p<0,05). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmadığı tespit edildi. Üstelik, demanslı bireylerde farklı VRT'nin birbirlerine istatistiksel olarak üstün olmadığı da görüldü. Bulgularımız göz önüne alındığında VRT arasında küçük farklılıklar bulunmasına rağmen, her iki sanal gerçeklik grubunda da hız ve yürüyüş döngüsü süresi üzerinde grup içi olumlu gelişmeler bulunduğu tespit edildi. Bu kapsamda, demanslı bireylerde VRT'nin yürüyüşün geliştirilmesinde klinik açıdan faydalı olduğu düşünülebilir. Ancak, demanslı bireylerde VRT'nin yürüyüş ve denge üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi için uzun vadeli ve kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Demans; egzersiz; geriatri; rehabilitasyon; sanal gerçeklik
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