.: ORİJİNAL ARAŞTIRMA
Effect of Sport Age on Selected Motor and Tennis Specific Performances on Tennis Players: An Observational Study
Tenisçilerde Spor Yaşının Seçilmiş Motor ve Tenise Özgü Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Gözlemsel Bir Çalışma
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2023;15(1):18-24
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2022-92533
Makale Dili: EN
Tam Metin
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of experience on selected motor and tennis specific performances in elite tennis players. Material and Methods: The study included 54 (24 female and 30 male) elite tennis players in the age range of 18-30 years, who have been actively playing tennis for at least 5 years and participated in national and international competitions. The participants were assessed for serve speed, agility performance, jumping performance, and dynamic balance. The serve speed test, shark skill test (SST), triple hop test (THT), and Y balance test were used to evaluate the serving performance, agility, jump performance, and dynamic balance, respectively. Results: Experience had a statistically significant and positive relationship with serving speed (r=0.662; p0.05). Conclusion: The athletic performance of individuals who are engaged in sports for longer period was better and thus, the experience should be taken into account when evaluating the sportive performance. The results obtained in our study are thought to be a reference for future studies by providing information to researchers in the development and evaluation of performance in tennis.
Keywords: Age of onset; balance; performance; tennis
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of experience on selected motor and tennis specific performances in elite tennis players. Material and Methods: The study included 54 (24 female and 30 male) elite tennis players in the age range of 18-30 years, who have been actively playing tennis for at least 5 years and participated in national and international competitions. The participants were assessed for serve speed, agility performance, jumping performance, and dynamic balance. The serve speed test, shark skill test (SST), triple hop test (THT), and Y balance test were used to evaluate the serving performance, agility, jump performance, and dynamic balance, respectively. Results: Experience had a statistically significant and positive relationship with serving speed (r=0.662; p0.05). Conclusion: The athletic performance of individuals who are engaged in sports for longer period was better and thus, the experience should be taken into account when evaluating the sportive performance. The results obtained in our study are thought to be a reference for future studies by providing information to researchers in the development and evaluation of performance in tennis.
Keywords: Age of onset; balance; performance; tennis
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, elit tenis sporcularında spor yaşının seçilmiş motor ve tenise özgü performans üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya en az 5 yıldır aktif tenis oynayan, ulusal ve uluslararası müsabakalara katılım gösteren 18-30 yaş arasında 54 (24 kadın ve 30 erkek) elit tenis sporcusu dâhil edildi. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen sporcuların servis atış hızları, çeviklik performansı, sıçrama performansları ve dinamik dengeleri değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen sporcuların servis performansı, servis hızı testi ile çeviklik performansı, shark skill testi (SST) ile sıçrama performansı, tek bacak üçlü hop testi ile denge, dinamik olarak Y denge testi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmada spor yaşı ile servis atış hızı (r=0,662; p0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, daha uzun süreler spor ile uğraşan bireylerin sportif performanslarının daha iyi olduğu ve sportif performans değerlendirilmesinde spor yaşının göz önünde bulundurulmasının, performans üzerine olumlu etki göstereceği belirtilmiştir. Çalışmamızda elde edilen sonuçlar tenis sporunda spor yaşının bilinmesinin de performansın geliştirilmesi ve değerlendirilmesinde araştırmacılara bilgiler vererek gelecekteki çalışmalara referans olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Başlama yaşı; denge; performans; tenis
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, elit tenis sporcularında spor yaşının seçilmiş motor ve tenise özgü performans üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya en az 5 yıldır aktif tenis oynayan, ulusal ve uluslararası müsabakalara katılım gösteren 18-30 yaş arasında 54 (24 kadın ve 30 erkek) elit tenis sporcusu dâhil edildi. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen sporcuların servis atış hızları, çeviklik performansı, sıçrama performansları ve dinamik dengeleri değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen sporcuların servis performansı, servis hızı testi ile çeviklik performansı, shark skill testi (SST) ile sıçrama performansı, tek bacak üçlü hop testi ile denge, dinamik olarak Y denge testi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmada spor yaşı ile servis atış hızı (r=0,662; p0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, daha uzun süreler spor ile uğraşan bireylerin sportif performanslarının daha iyi olduğu ve sportif performans değerlendirilmesinde spor yaşının göz önünde bulundurulmasının, performans üzerine olumlu etki göstereceği belirtilmiştir. Çalışmamızda elde edilen sonuçlar tenis sporunda spor yaşının bilinmesinin de performansın geliştirilmesi ve değerlendirilmesinde araştırmacılara bilgiler vererek gelecekteki çalışmalara referans olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Başlama yaşı; denge; performans; tenis
REFERANSLAR:
- Casper JM, Gray DP, Stellino MB. A sport commitment model perspective on adult tennis players' participation frequency and purchase intention. Sport Manage Rev. 2007;10(3):253-78. [Crossref]
- Kovacs MS. Tennis physiology: training the competitive athlete. Sports Med. 2007;37(3):189-98. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kovacs MS, Ellenbecker TS. A performance evaluation of the tennis serve: implications for strength, speed, power, and flexibility training. Strength Cond J. 2011;33(4):22-30. [Crossref]
- Akşit T. Tenis fizyolojisi ve performans [Tennis physiology and performance: review]. Turkiye Klinikleri Spor Bilimleri. 2012;4(2):81-91. [Link]
- Ryu RK, McCormick J, Jobe FW, Moynes DR, Antonelli DJ. An electromyographic analysis of shoulder function in tennis players. Am J Sports Med. 1988;16(5):481-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Fu MC, Ellenbecker TS, Renstrom PA, Windler GS, Dines DM. Epidemiology of injuries in tennis players. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2018;11(1):1-5. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Miller JM, Hilbert SC, Brown LE. Speed, quickness, and agility training for senior tennis players. Strength Cond J. 2001;23(5):62-6. [Crossref]
- Malliou VJ, Beneka AG, Gioftsidou AF, Malliou PK, Kallistratos E, Pafis GK, et al. Young tennis players and balance performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2010;24(2):389-93. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kovacs M, Roetert EP, Ellenbecker T, Association UST. Complete Conditioning for Tennis. 2nd ed. United States: Human Kinetics; 2016.
- Kraska JM, Ramsey MW, Haff GG, Fethke N, Sands WA, Stone ME, et al. Relationship between strength characteristics and unweighted and weighted vertical jump height. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2009;4(4):461-73. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Rodríguez-Rosell D, Mora-Custodio R, Franco-Márquez F, Yá-ez-García JM, González-Badillo JJ. Traditional vs. sport-specific vertical jump tests: reliability, validity, and relationship with the legs strength and sprint performance in adult and teen soccer and basketball players. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;31(1):196-206. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Cui Y, Gómez M-Á, Gonçalves B, Liu H, Sampaio J. Effects of experience and relative quality in tennis match performance during four Grand Slams. Int J Perform Anal Sport. 2017;17(5):783-801. [Crossref]
- Kramer T, Huijgen BC, Elferink-Gemser MT, Visscher C. A longitudinal study of physical fitness in elite junior tennis players. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2016;28(4):553-64. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kramer T, Huijgen BC, Elferink-Gemser MT, Visscher C. Prediction of tennis performance in junior elite tennis players. J Sports Sci Med. 2017;16(1):14-21. [PubMed] [PMC]
- Kovacs MS. Applied physiology of tennis performance. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40(5):381-5; discussion 386. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Fernandez-Fernandez J, Nakamura FY, Moreno-Perez V, Lopez-Valenciano A, Del Coso J, Gallo-Salazar C, et al. Age and sex-related upper body performance differences in competitive young tennis players. PLoS One. 2019;14(9):e0221761. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Knudson DV, Noffal GJ, Bahamonde RE, Bauer JA, Blackwell JR. Stretching has no effect on tennis serve performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2004;18(3):654-6. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Fernandez-Fernandez J, Granacher U, Sanz-Rivas D, Sarabia Marín JM, Hernandez-Davo JL, Moya M. Sequencing effects of neuromuscular training on physical fitness in youth elite tennis players. J Strength Cond Res. 2018;32(3):849-56. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Clark MA, Ces P, Lucett SC, Mcgill P. Personal Fitness Training. 4th ed. Baltimore: Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2012.
- Ross MD, Langford B, Whelan PJ. Test-retest reliability of 4 single-leg horizontal hop tests. J Strength Cond Res. 2002;16(4):617-22. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Schwiertz G, Brueckner D, Beurskens R, Muehlbauer T. Lower Quarter Y Balance Test performance: Reference values for healthy youth aged 10 to 17 years. Gait Posture. 2020;80:148-54. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Colorafi KJ, Evans B. Qualitative descriptive methods in health science research. HERD. 2016;9(4):16-25. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Wong FKh, Keung JH, Lau NM, Ng DK, Chung JW, Chow DH. Effects of body mass index and full body kinematics on tennis serve speed. J Hum Kinet. 2014;40:21-8. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Fleisig G, Nicholls R, Elliott B, Escamilla R. Kinematics used by world class tennis players to produce high-velocity serves. Sports Biomech. 2003;2(1):51-64. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Rutkauskaitė R, Skarbalius A. Models and interaction of intensive training and sport performance of 14-15-year-old athletes in rhythmic gymnastics. Balt J Sport Health Sci. 2012;4(87):57-64. [Crossref]
- Girard O, Millet GP. Physical determinants of tennis performance in competitive teenage players. J Strength Cond Res. 2009;23(6):1867-72. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Cooke K, Quinn A, Sibte N. Testing speed and agility in elite tennis players. Strength Cond J. 2011;33(4):69-72. [Crossref]
- Munivrana G, Filipčić A, Filipčić T. Relationship of speed, agility, neuromuscular power, and selected anthropometrical variables and performance results of male and female junior tennis players. Coll Antropol. 2015;39 Suppl 1:109-16. [PubMed]
- Sekulic D, Uljevic O, Peric M, Spasic M, Kondric M. Reliability and factorial validity of non-specific and tennis-specific pre-planned agility tests; preliminary analysis. J Hum Kinet. 2017;55:107-16. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Barber-Westin SD, Hermeto AA, Noyes FR. A six-week neuromuscular training program for competitive junior tennis players. J Strength Cond Res. 2010;24(9):2372-82. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Williams M, Squillante A, Dawes J. The single leg triple hop for distance test. Strength Cond J. 2017;39(3):94-8. [Crossref]
- Arteaga R, Dorado C, Chavarren J, Calbet JA. Reliability of jumping performance in active men and women under different stretch loading conditions. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2000;40(1):26-34. [PubMed]
- Laffaye G, Choukou MA. Gender bias in the effect of dropping height on jumping performance in volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res. 2010;24(8):2143-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Haynes W. Core stability and the unstable platform device. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2004;8(2):88-103. [Crossref]
- Khasawneh A. Anthropometric measurements and their relation to static and dynamic balance among junior tennis players. Sport Sci. 2015;8(1):87-91. [Link]
.: İşlem Listesi