Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the experiences of nursing students who experienced the earthquake with its epicenter in Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, and affecting 12 provinces. Material and Methods: In this study with a qualitative design, the phenomenological method was used, and the nursing students who experienced the Kahramanmaraş earthquake constituted the study's population. Data were collected using the ''Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire'' and a ''Semi-Structured Interview Form''. Results: Within the scope of the research, in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 15 nursing students. The interviews were categorized into 4 main themes and 19 sub-themes. The main themes identified were (1) Difficulty in Meeting Basic Needs, (2) Post-Traumatic Emotional Reactions, (3) Post-Traumatic Physiological Reactions, and (4) Gains from the Loss. Students experienced significant challenges in fulfilling their basic needs for clean water, food, shelter, and communication following the earthquake. Physiological responses included a reluctance to eat, sleep disturbances, and difficulty in communicating. Emotional reactions such as a fear of death, feelings of helplessness, anxiety, sadness, and pain were also observed. However, it was noted that students also experienced positive outcomes in several areas, including a stronger belief in disaster preparedness, a re-evaluation of the meaning of life, and a heightened desire to spend time with loved ones. Conclusion: The earthquake significantly affected students, highlighting the need for psychological support. It is also essential to plan for reducing vulnerability and losses, and to promote a disaster-aware culture to minimize future impacts.
Keywords: Earthquakes; qualitative research; life change events; students; nursing
Amaç: Bu araştırma, Türkiye'de merkez üssü Kahramanmaraş olan ve 12 ili etkileyen depremi deneyimleyen hemşire öğrencilerin deneyimlerini, derinlemesine incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Nitel tasarımda fenomenolojik yöntem kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen araştırmada, Kahramanmaraş depremini deneyimleyen hemşirelik öğrencileri araştırmanın evrenini oluşturmuştur. Veriler ''Tanımlayıcı Özellikler Soru Formu'' ve ''Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu'' ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamı toplam 15 hemşire öğrenci ile derinlemesine görüşme yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler 4 tema ve 19 alt tema altında toplanmıştır. Ana temalar (1) Temel İhtiyaçları Karşılamada Zorluk, (2) Travma Sonrası Duygusal Tepkiler, (3) Travma Sonrası Fizyolojik Tepkiler ve (4) Kaybın Kazanımları olarak belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin depremden sonra temiz su, yiyecek, barınak ve iletişim gibi temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada önemli zorluklar yaşadılar. Fizyolojik tepkiler arasında yemek yeme isteksizliği, uyku bozuklukları ve iletişim kurma zorluğu yer aldı. Ölüm korkusu, çaresizlik hissi, kaygı, üzüntü ve acı gibi duygusal tepkiler de gözlemlendi. Ancak öğrencilerin afetlere hazırlık konusunda daha güçlü bir inanç, hayatın anlamını yeniden değerlendirme ve sevdikleriyle zaman geçirme isteğinin artması gibi çeşitli alanlarda olumlu sonuçlar da yaşadıkları kaydedildi. Sonuç: Deprem öğrencileri önemli ölçüde etkilemiş olup, etkilenenlere psikolojik destek sağlanması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, afetlerin etkilerini azaltmak için kırılganlığı ve kayıpları azaltmaya yönelik planlar yapılmalı ve bir afet kültürü geliştirilmelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Depremler; nitel araştırma; yaşam değiştiren olaylar; öğrenciler; hemşirelik
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