Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the immediate effects of ischemic compression applied to the masseter muscle on pain, jaw and neck joint range of motion, and forward head posture in individuals with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. Material and Methods: This study was planned as a cross-sectional study with a total of 160 individuals. Ischemic compression was applied to the trigger points in masseter muscle for 90 seconds with a moderate tolerable pressure. Pain intensity was evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale, cervical range of motion was evaluated with a universal goniometer, jaw movements were evaluated with a rigid tape measure, and craniovertebral angle was evaluated with a modified universal goniometer. Dysfunction was classified according to the Helkimo Clinical Craniomandibular Dysfunction Index. Results: After the intervention, dysfunction score was decreased (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in resting pain scores (p>0.05); however pain scores of gum chewing, and TMJ and masseter muscle palpation decreased (p<0.05). Increase in TMJ movements was found; mouth opening, mouth forward protrusion, and mouth lateral deviation values all increased (p<0.001). Cervical joint movements and craniovertebral angle also increased (p<0.01). Conclusion: The present findings indicated that ischemic compression applied to the masseter muscle in individuals with TMJ disorder immediately reduced pain (except resting pain), improved jaw and neck range of motion, and forward head posture. Comparative studies are needed to examine the long-term effects of these results.
Keywords: Temporomandibular joint disorders; trigger points; massage; masseter muscle
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, temporomandibular eklem [temporomandibular joint (TMJ)] bozukluğu olan bireylerde masseter kasına uygulanan iskemik kompresyonun ağrı, çene ve boyun eklem hareket açıklığı ve ileri baş postürü üzerindeki anlık etkilerini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, toplam 160 bireyle kesitsel çalışma olarak planlandı. Masseter kasındaki tetik noktalara orta düzeyde tolere edilebilir bir basınçla 90 sn boyunca iskemik kompresyon uygulandı. Ağrı yoğunluğu görsel analog skala ile, servikal hareket açıklığı evrensel gonyometre ile, çene hareketleri rijit mezura ile ve kraniyovertebral açı modifiye evrensel gonyometre ile değerlendirildi. Disfonksiyon, Helkimo Klinik Kraniomandibular Disfonksiyon İndeksi'ne göre sınıflandırıldı. Bulgular: Müdahaleden sonra disfonksiyon skoru azaldı (p<0,001). İstirahat ağrısı skorlarında anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p>0,05); ancak sakız çiğneme, TMJ ve masseter kası palpasyonu ağrı skorları azaldı (p<0,05). TMJ hareketlerinde artış bulundu; ağız açma, ağzı ileri alma ve ağız lateral deviasyon değerlerinin hepsi arttı (p<0,001). Servikal eklem hareketlerinin ve kraniyovertebral açının arttığı belirlendi (p<0,01). Sonuç: Mevcut bulgular, TMJ bozukluğu olan bireylerde masseter kasına uygulanan iskemik kompresyonun anlık ağrıyı (istirahat ağrısı hariç) azalttığını, çene ve boyun hareket açıklığını ve ileri baş postürünü iyileştirdiğini gösterdi. Bu sonuçların uzun vadeli etkilerini incelemek için karşılaştırmalı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Temporomandibular eklem bozuklukları; tetik noktalar; masaj; masseter kası
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