Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Odyolog Adayı Öğrencilerin Odyoloji Mesleğine İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması
Scale of Attitudes Towards Audiology Profession of Audiologist Candidate Students: Validity and Reliability Study
Merve MERALa,b, Ahsen KARTALc, Ümit Can ÇETİNKAYAa,d, R. Nükhet ÇIKRIKÇIe
aİstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Odyoloji ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
bİstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Odyometri Programı, İstanbul, Türkiye
cSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hamidiye Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Odyoloji ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
dBeykent Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Odyometri Programı, İstanbul, Türkiye
eİstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Temel Eğitim Bölümü Sınıf Eğitimi ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(2):473-83
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2021-83282
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Çalışmanın birincil amacı, odyoloji lisans öğrencilerinin bölüme ilişkin tutumlarını değerlendirmek için bir ölçek geliştirmek, ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik kanıtlarını bulmaktır. Çalışmanın ikincil amacı ise odyoloji lisans öğrencilerinin ölçek puanlarını cinsiyet, üniversite türü ve sınıf değişkenleri bakımından incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya odyoloji bölümünde öğrenim gören 396 öğrenci dâhil edilmiştir. Veriler mesleğe ilişkin tutumları sorgulayan 43 maddeden oluşan ölçek kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Geliştirilen ölçeğin kapsam geçerliliğinin incelenmesi için uzman kanısına dayalı yargısal yaklaşım; yapı geçerliliğinin incelenmesi için ise açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenilirlik değerlendirmesi için Cronbach alfa katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin tutum puanlarının; cinsiyet ve üniversite türü ile arasındaki fark Mann-Whitney U, sınıf değişkeni ile arasında fark ise Kruskal-Wallis testi ile incelenmiştir. Bulgular: AFA sonucunda, ölçeğin 2 faktörden (toplam varyans %40,03) oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda 5 madde çıkarılmış ve ölçek 38 maddeye indirgenmiştir. Birinci alt boyut güvenilirlik katsayısı 0,939; 2. alt boyut α=0,888 ve toplam güvenilirlik α=0,944'tür. Çalışmanın ikincil amacı kapsamında yapılan analizler sonucunda; kadınlar (72,298±13,332) ve erkekler (68,513±14,076) arasında mesleğe ilişkin duygu ve güven alt boyutu puanları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık gözlenmiştir (p=0,037). Vakıf ve devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin mesleğe ilişkin duygu ve güven (p=0,010), bölümün akademik işleyişine ilişkin güven (p<0,001) alt boyutları ve toplam puanları (p=0,001) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Sınıf değişkeni ile ölçek puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Sonuç: Geliştirilen Odyolog Adayı Öğrencilerin Odyoloji Mesleğine İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği'nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca odyoloji mesleğine yönelik tutumun, bazı sosyodemografik değişkenlere göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Odyoloji; tutum; eğitim; faktör analizi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to test the validity and reliability by developing a scale to evaluate the attitudes of the Audiology students towards the profession. The secondary aim of the study is to examine the scale scores of audiology undergraduate students in terms of gender, university type, and class variables. Material and Methods: 396 Audiology students were included in the study. A scale with 43 items questioning their attitudes towards the profession was developed. For the content validity of the scale, expert opinion was consulted. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to examine the construct validity of the scale. Cronbachs alpha values for reliability were calculated. The difference between the scores in terms of gender and university type was analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test and the difference between the scores in terms of the class variable was analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: As a result of EFA, it was determined that the scale consists of two factors. The scale was reduced to 38 items. The sub-dimensions reliability coefficient were 0.939, 0.888 respectively, and total reliability was α=0.944. When compared in terms of socio-demographic variables; a statistically significant difference was observed between women (72.298±13.332) and men (68.513±14.076) in terms of the scores of the emotion and confidence subscale (ECS) towards the profession (p=0.037). A statistically significant difference was found between ECS (p=0.010), confidence in academic functioning (p<0.001), and the total scores (p=0.001) of the students studying at the private and state universities. A statistically significant difference was found between the class variable and scale scores (p<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, the Scale of Attitudes towards Audiology Profession of Audiologist Candidate Students, which was developed, is valid and reliable.

Keywords: Audiology; attitude; education; factor analysis
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