Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences

Şizofreni ve Bipolar Bozukluk Tedavisinde Kullanılmak Üzere Lurasidon HCl'nin Yenilikçi Formülasyon Yaklaşımları ve Uygulama Yolları: Geleneksel Derleme
Innovative Formulation Approaches and Administration Routes of Lurasidone HCl for the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Traditional Review
Melek Çağla KAZAZa , Yıldız ÖZSOYb
aİstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Farmasötik Teknoloji AD, İstanbul, Türkiye
bİstanbul Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Eczacılık Teknolojisi Bölümü, Farmasötik Teknoloji AD, İstanbul, Türkiye
J Lit Pharm Sci.
doi: 10.5336/pharmsci.2025-109120
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Oral yol, güvenlik profili, uygulama kolaylığı, yüksek hasta uyuncu ve düşük üretim maliyetleri ile günümüzde en çok tercih edilen ilaç uygulama tekniğidir. Ar-Ge çalışmalarında da oral formülasyonlar her zaman ilk tercih olmaktadır. Yeni ilaç moleküllerinin çoğu, formülasyon geliştirmeyi zorlayıcı nitelikte çözünürlük ve emilim sorunu olan Biyofarmasötik Sınıflandırma Sisteminde [Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS)] II ve IV kategorisindedir. Oral yolda güçlü mide asidi, midede başlayıp kolona uzanan geniş pH aralığı, sindirim enzimleri, kalın mukus tabakası ve sıkı bağlantılar bu sınıftaki ilaçların emilimi ve biyoyararlanımını daha da kısıtlamaktadır. Lurasidon HCl, şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluk tedavisinde kullanılan atipik antipsikotik grubu ilaçlardan biridir. Düşük çözünürlük özellikleri ile BCS Sınıf II'de yer alır. Lipofilik bir molekül olmasına rağmen ilk geçiş metabolizması nedeniyle zayıf biyoyararlanım gösterir. Atipik antipsikotikler, çoğunlukla oral yolla hemen salımlı ve değiştirilmiş salımlı dozaj formları ile olmakla birlikte enjektabl preparatlar hâlinde de piyasada bulunmaktadır. Lurasidon HCl içeren referans ürün olan Latuda®, hemen salımlı film kaplı tablet formunda geliştirilmiştir. Oral yolla uygulanan tabletler, kapsüller veya parenteral uygulanan steril ilaç formülasyonlarını içeren geleneksel ilaç taşıma sistemlerinde nörolojik hastalığa özgü durumlar ile ilaç kullanma ve uygulama zorluğu, vücudun her yerine dağılma ve hedef bölgeye ilaç taşınmasının yeterli olmaması, yan etkiler vb. gibi sınırlamalar söz konusu olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle nörolojik hastalıklar için yeni, sistematik hedefli ilaç taşıma sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi hem biyoyararlanım hem de tedavi açısından umut vaat edicidir. Bu derlemede, Lurasidon HCl etkin maddesinin farklı ilaç uygulama yollarına özgü yenilikçi yaklaşımlar ve ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler literatürdeki çalışma örnekleriyle birlikte açıklanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Lurasidon HCl; şizofreni; bipolar bozukluk; ilaç salım sistemleri; yenilikçi tedaviler
ABSTRACT
Oral route is the most preferred drug administration technique with its safety profile, ease of application, high patient compliance and low production costs. Oral formulations are always the first choice in formulation development in R&D studies. Most of new drug molecules are in the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Category II and IV, which has solubility and absorption problems that make formulation challenging. On the oral route; strong stomach acid, wide pH range from stomach to the colon, digestive enzymes, thick mucus layer and tight junctions restrict the absorption and bioavailability of such drugs. Lurasidone HCl is one of the atypical antipsychotic drug used in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It is in BCS Class II with low solubility properties. Although it is a lipophilic molecule, it has poor bioavailability due to first pass metabolism. Atypical antipsychotics are mostly available in oral immediate- and modified-release dosage forms, also available as injectable preparations. Reference product Latuda® containing Lurasidone HCl; developed as an immediate-release filmcoated tablet. Conventional drug delivery systems include orally administered tablets, capsules or parenterally administered sterile drug formulations; have limitations in using and administering in neurological disease with spreading all parts of the body and insufficient transport of medication to the target area, side effects, etc. Therefore, development of new, systematic targeted drug delivery systems is promising in terms of both bioavailability and treatment. In this review, innovative approaches and delivery systems specific to different drug administration routes of Lurasidone HCl are explained with examples in the literature.

Keywords: Lurasidone HCl; schizophrenia; bipolar disorder; drug delivery systems; investigational therapies

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