Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bizans Toplumuna Ait Mandibulalardan Metrik Yöntemlerle Cinsiyet Tayininin Değerlendirilmesi: Ramus Genişliği: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Evaluation of Sex Determination by Metric Methods from Mandibles of Byzantine Population: Ramus Width: Descriptive Research
Hasan Hüseyin ERBEDENa, Ayşegül ŞARBAKb
aHitit Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Adli Bilimler ABD, Çorum, Türkiye
bHitit Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Antropoloji Bölümü, Çorum, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2023;20(1):40-5
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2022-94420
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Adli bilimler, adalet sisteminin sorularına cevap aramak üzere onlarca farklı bilim dalının bir arada çalıştığı uygulamaların tamamını kapsayan bir bilim dalıdır. Adli olaylarda araştırmanın ilk aşaması, cesedin kimlik tespitinin yapılmasıdır. Kimlik tespitinin ilk adımı ise cinsiyet tayinidir. İskelet materyallerde cinsiyet tayini, tüm iskelet materyalin bulunması durumunda %100, pelvisten %95, kafatasından %90, sadece pelvis ve kafatasından %98, yalnızca uzun kemiklerden %80 doğruluk oranında cinsiyet tayini yapılabilmektedir. İnsan kemikleri arasında pelvis ve kafatası kemiklerinin olmaması durumunda mandibula önemli bir materyaldir ve cinsiyetin belirlenmesinde yüksek doğruluk oranı bulunmaktadır. Mandibuladan makroskobik ve metrik olmak üzere 2 yöntem ile cinsiyet belirlemek mümkündür. Söz konusu çalışmanın amacı, osteometrik ölçümler yoluyla mandibulanın ramus genişliğinin cinsiyet tayini açısından güvenirliğini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya konu olan materyal, Hitit Üniversitesi Antropoloji Laboratuvarında yer alan, Bizans dönemine tarihlendirilen Sinop Kefevi nekropolünden ele geçirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, Bizans Sinop Kefevi nekropolüne ait mandibulalar 0,01 mm hassasiyete sahip Yamer marka 9001- 2009 model dijital kumpas aracılığıyla ölçülmüştür. Ölçümlerden elde edilen verilerin analizleri IBM SPSS V22 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Analizlerde p<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonucunda, mandibuladan alınan maksimum ramus genişliği cinsiyetler arası anlamlı farklılık gösterirken, minimum ramus genişliğinden elde edilen sonuçlar cinsiyetler arası farklılık göstermemiştir. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı sonuç veren maksimum ramus genişliğinden elde edilen veriler lojistik regrasyon analizi ile incelendiğinde, cinsiyet tayininin doğruluk düzeyi kadınlarda %47,8 iken, erkeklerde %76,5 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma mandibulanın yalnızca ramus bölgesinin olması hâlinde bile osteometrik veriler yardımıyla cinsiyet tayininin mümkün olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bizans; maksimum ramus genişliği; adli bilimler; cinsiyet tahmini
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Forensic science is a branch of science that covers all the applications in which dozens of different disciplines work together to seek answers to the questions of the justice system. The first step of the investigation in forensic events is the identification of the corpse. The first step in identification is sex determination. Sex determination in skeletal materials can be done with 100% accuracy, 95% accuracy from pelvis, 90% accuracy from skull, 98% accuracy from pelvis and skull only, and 80% accuracy from long bones only if all skeletal material is found. In the absence of pelvis and skull bones among human bones, the mandible is an important material and has a high accuracy in determining sex. It is possible to determine sex from the mandible by 2 methods, macroscopic and metric. The aim of this study is to investigate the reliability of the ramus width of the mandible in terms of sex determination by means of osteometric measurements. Material and Methods: The material that is the subject of the study was obtained from the Sinop Kefevi necropolis, which is located in the Anthropology Laboratory of the Hittite University and dated to the Byzantine period. In this direction, the mandibles of the Byzantine Sinop Kefevi necropolis were measured using a Yamer brand 9001- 2009 model digital caliper with 0.01 mm precision. The analyzes of the data obtained from the measurements were made using the IBM SPSS V22 program. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant in the analyses. Results: As a result of the statistical analysis, the maximum ramus width taken from the mandible showed a significant difference between the sexes, while the results obtained from the minimum ramus width did not differ between the sex. When the data obtained from the maximum ramus width, which gave statistically significant results, were analyzed by logistic regression analysis, the accuracy level of sex determination was found to be 47.8% in women and 76.5% in men. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study shows that sex determination is possible the help of osteometric data even if only the ramus region of the mandible is present.

Keywords: Byzantium; maximum ramus width; forensic sciences; sex estimation
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