Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
COVID-19 Öncesi ve Süresindeki Avrupa Futbol Ligleri Sakatlık Prevalansı: Kesitsel Araştırma
Prevalence of Injury in European Football Leagues Before and in the Process of COVID-19: Cross-Sectional Research
Abdullah ÇETİNDEMİRa, Selami YÜKSEKb, Hamit CİHANb, Mert SAĞLAMc
aTrabzon Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Hareket ve Antrenman Bilimleri ABD, Trabzon, TÜRKİYE
bTrabzon Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Trabzon, TÜRKİYE
cTrabzon Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Spor Yöneticiliği Bölümü Spor Yönetim Bilimleri ABD, Trabzon, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2021;13(3):375-85
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2021-83730
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı; 2019-2020 sezonu Avrupa futbol liglerinde yaşanan spor sakatlıklarının araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma grubunu 'Transfermarkt' internet sitesi ve kulüplerin resmi sitelerinde bildirilen 2019-2020 sezonuna ait Türkiye-Süper Lig'i, Almanya-Bundesliga, İtalya-Serie A, İngiltere-Premier League, Portekiz-Liga NOS ve İspanya-La Ligada mücadele eden profesyonel kulüp sporcuları (n=2612) oluşturmaktadır. Bunun için 'Transfermark' ve kulüplerin resmi internet sitelerinden liglere, ardından liglerin kategorisi sekmesinden takım ve sporculara ulaşılmıştır. Erişilen bilgilerin içeriğinden, sakatlıkların bölgesel ve yapısal özellikleriyle sakatlıklardan geriye dönüş süreleri incelenmiştir. Sporcuların ortalama boyu 1,82 cm iken yaşları 27,33 yıldır. Nicel araştırmalardan doküman analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 23 paket programı kullanılarak, istatistiki yöntem olarak; frekans ve yüzde dağılımı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Sezon boyunca en yüksek sakatlık oranı sırasıyla İtalya-Serie A (n=763, %29,2), Almanya-Bundesliga (n=535, %20,5) ve İspanya-La Liga (n=425, %16,3) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Pandemi döneminde, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) sürecindeki (n=669, %48,54) sakatlıkların daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. COVID-19 sürecindeki sakatlıkların büyük bir bölümünü İtalya-Serie A ligi (n=219, %32,7) ve Türkiye-Süper Lig'i (n=169, %32,7) oluşturmuştur. COVID-19 sürecinde hafta başına düşen sakatlık oranı ise Türkiye'de (n=21,13) ve İtalya'da (n=18,25) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sakatlıkların türlerinin dağılımı ise sırasıyla kas (n=1.232, %47,2), ligament (n=342, %13,1) ve onu takip eden kemik yaralanmaları (n=139, %5,3) oluşturmaktadır. Sonuç: Yaşanan sakatlıklarda COVID-19 nedeniyle uygulanan zorunlu aralar, yıllık antrenman ve müsabaka periyotlarında verim düzeyi üzerinde dalgalanmalara neden olmuş olabilir. Dolayısıyla bu durum, geçiş ve hazırlık sürecinde oyuncuları sakatlıklara daha açık bir hâle getirdiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Futbol; spor sakatlıkları; koronavirüs
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this research; 2019-2020 season is investigation of injuries in European football leagues. Materials and Methods: The research group is soccer players (n=2612) in TurkishSuper League, Germany-Bundesliga, Italy-Serie A, English-Premier League, Portugal-Liga NOS and Spain-La Liga for 2019-2020 season, which are reported on Transfermarkt website and official websites of clubs. Consequently, Transfermark and official websites of clubs reached leagues, followed by teams and athletes from category tab of leagues. From content of information accessed, regional and structural characteristics of injuries and return times were examined. Average height of athletes is 1.82 cm, while their age is 27.33 years. Document analysis method was used in quantitative research. Using SPSS 23 package program in analysis of data, as a statistical method; frequency and percentage distribution are used. Results: Highest injury rate season throughout was Italy-Serie A (n=763, 29.2%), Germany-Bundesliga (n=535, 20.5%) and Spain-La Liga (n=425, 16.3%), respectively. Period pandemic, injuries process of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID19) (n=669, 48.54%) were found to be higher. Most of injuries COVID-19 process were Italian-Serie A league (n=219, 32.7%) and Turkish-Super League (n=169, 32.7%). Injury rate per week process COVID-19 was determined as Turkey (n=21.13) and Italy (n=18.25). Distribution of injuries types is muscle (n=1,232, 47.2%), ligament (n=342, 13.1%) and subsequent bone injuries (n=139, 5.3%), respectively. Conclusion: Mandatory breaks due to COVID-19 may have caused fluctuations in level efficiency during annual training and competition periods. Therefore, it can be said that this situation makes players more vulnerable to injuries during preparation process.

Keywords: Football; sports injuries; coronavirus
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