Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Dört Faktörlü Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği'nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Turkish Adaptation of the Four Facet Mindful Eating Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study
Pınar HAMURCUa , Gizem KÖSEb , İrem Nur ŞAHİNc , Abdullah ÇELİKd
a İstanbul Kent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
b Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
cÜsküdar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
d Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, İstatistik Bölümü, Samsun, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2023;8(2):187-98
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-93286
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Dört Faktörlü Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği (4F-YFÖ), çeşitli alanlarda yemeye özgü farkındalığı hem tepkisizlik, yargılamama, içsel farkındalık, dışsal farkındalık alt faktörleri ile hem de farkındalığın tutum ve davranış alanları ile değerlendirmesi nedeniyle dikkat çeken, çok yönlü bir yeme farkındalığı ölçeğidir. Bu çalışmada, 4FYFÖ'nün Türkçeye uyarlanarak, geçerlik ve güvenirliğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Metodolojik araştırma tasarımı kullanılan çalışma, 2021-2022 akademik yılında bir vakıf üniversitesinde 300 katılımcıyla yürütülmüştür. Google Formlar'da yapılandırılmış bir anket aracılığıyla bilgi formu, 4F-YFÖ ve Yeme Tutumu Testi uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede iç tutarlılık katsayısı, faktör analizleri ve korelasyonları incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Pilot çalışmada, 4F-YFÖ'nün yüksek güvenirliğe sahip olduğu ve ölçekten madde çıkartılmadan geçerlilik analizine uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öncelikle, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin değeri 0,890 ile örneklem büyüklüğü oldukça yeterli ve Bartlett küresellik testi χ2 =2496,114, p<0,001 düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğundan, 4F-YFÖ faktör analizi için uygun bulunmuştur. Ardından açıklayıcı faktör analizi 150 katılımcı ile incelenmiş olup, faktör yükleri >0,30 ve öz değerleri >1 ile ortaya çıkan varyansın %57,3'ünü açıklayan 4 faktörlü bir yapı olduğu saptanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi diğer 150 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiş olup, uyum iyiliği indeksleri yaklaşık hataların ortalama karekökü=0,013; Karşılaştırmalı Uyum İndeksi=0,981; Uyum İyiliği İndeksi=0,966; Normlaştırılmış Uyum İndeksi=0,948; standartlaştırılmış ortalama hataların karekökü=0,081; Düzeltilmiş Uyum İyiliği İndeksi=0,961; χ2 /serbestlik derecesi=1,021 olarak iyi uyum gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. İç tutarlılık analizinde Cronbach alfa katsayısı 0,933 olarak bulunmuş ve ölçeğin çok yüksek güvenilirlikte olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Yeme farkındalığı, yeme tutumu ve bilincinin geniş kapsamda incelenmesini sağlayan önemli bir olgudur. Bu çalışmada, yeme farkındalığı düzeylerinin belirlenebilmesi için 4F-YFÖ Türkçe formunun genç erişkinler için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Güvenilirlilik ve geçerlilik; farkındalık; yeme; tutum
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The Four Facet Mindful Eating Scale (FFaMES) is a multi-faceted eating awareness scale that evaluates foodspecific awareness in various areas with sub-factors of non-reactance, non-judgment, internal-awareness, external-awareness and also mindfull eating with attitude and awareness areas. The validity and reliability of FFaMES was aimed. Material and Methods: The study, using a methodological research design, was carried out with 300 participants at a foundation university in 2021-2022 academic year. Sociodemoghrafic questions, FFaMES and Eating Attitude Test were applied on Google Forms. Internal consistency coefficient, factor analyzes and correlations were examined with statistical analyses. Results: In the pilot study FFaMES had high reliability and suitable for validity analysis without removing any items. First, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.890, sample size was well sufficient, and Bartlett sphericity test was statistically significant at the level of χ2 =2496.114, p<0.001 so FFaMES was suitable for factor analysis. Then, explanatory factor analysis was performed with 150 participants of main study, four factor structure revealed with factor loads >0.30 and eigenvalues >1, explaining 57.3% of total variance. In confirmatory factor analysis performed with the other 150 participants, the goodness of fit indices of 29-item version were the root mean square error of approximation=0.013; Comparative Fit Index=0.981; Goodness of Fit Index=0.966; Normed Fit Index=0.948; standardized root mean squared residual=0.081; Adjusted Goodness of Fit İndex=0.961; χ2 /degree of freedom=1.021. In the internal consistency analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.933, as high reliability. Conclusion: Mindful eating is an important phenomenon that provides a wide range of information about eating attitudes and awareness. In this study, it has been shown that the FFaMES Turkish form is a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the mindful eating levels for young adults.

Keywords: Reliability and validity; mindfulness; eating; attitude
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