Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: RESEARCH
Ebelik Öğrencilerinin AIDS Hakkındaki Bilgi ve Tutumlarını Etkileyen Faktörler
The Factors Affecting the Knowledge and Attitudes of Midwifery Students About AIDS
Emel BAHADIR YILMAZa, Ayşegül VURANa, Kader AŞANa
aGiresun Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ebelik Bölümü, Giresun, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2021;29(2):215-22
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2020-79545
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 HIV/AIDS'li bireylere verilen sağlık bakım hizmetlerinin kalitesini artırmada, mesleki eğitim sürecinde konuya ilişkin alınan eğitimin yararlı olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ebelik öğrencilerinin AIDS hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumlarını etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Şubat-Mart 2019'da Giresun Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Ebelik Bölümü'nde okuyan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 181 ebelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler Demografik Bilgi Formu, AIDS Bilgi Ölçeği (ABÖ) ve AIDS Tutum Ölçeği (ATÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile Bağımsız Gruplarda t-testi, One Way ANOVA testi, Pearson korelasyon testi ve Multiple linear regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin toplam ABÖ puan ortalamaları 10,27±4,23 olup, bulaşma yolları boyutunda 2,53±2,60, korunma ve genel bilgi boyutunda 5,87±2,42 ve tedavi boyutunda 1,86±1,76 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin toplam ATÖ puan ortalamaları ise 55,31±9,44 olup, alt boyut puan ortalamaları değerlendirildiğinde, olumlu tutum için 36,69±6,95 ve damgalama için 18,62±4,30 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Derslerde AIDS hakkında bilgi almak ve yeterli bilgi aldığına inanmak, klinik uygulamaları sırasında AIDS hakkında bilgi almak öğrencilerin ABÖ puanları üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahiptir (p<0,05). Öğrencilerin bulundukları sınıfa göre ABÖ ve ATÖ puan ortalamaları istatistiksel olarak farklılık göstermiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, AIDS hakkında eğitim almanın ebelik öğrencilerinin bilgi düzeylerini olumlu etkilediği ancak AIDS hakkındaki tutumlarını etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, mesleki eğitimin AIDS hakkındaki bilgi ve tutum düzeylerini geliştirmesi bakımından çok büyük önem taşıdığını ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ebelik; öğrenci; AIDS; bilgi; tutum; mesleki eğitim
ABSTRACT
 It is emphasized that education on the subject is useful in improving the quality of health care services provided to individuals with HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the knowledge and attitudes of midwifery students about AIDS. The sample of the study was composed of 181 midwifery students who study in the Midwifery Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of Giresun University in February-March 2019, and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected by using Demographic Information Form, AIDS Knowledge Scale (AKS) and AIDS Attitude Scale (AAS). In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, Independent Samples t test, One Way ANOVA test, Pearson correlation test and Multiple linear regression analysis were used. It was determined that the mean total mean AKS score of the students was 10.27±4.23; 2.53±2.60 for ways of transmission dimension, 5.87±2.42 for general knowledge and protection dimension and 1.86±1.76 for treatment dimension. The total mean AAS score of the students was 55.31±9.44; 36.69±6.95 for negative attitude dimension and 18.62±4.30 for stigma dimension. Getting knowledge about AIDS from courses and believing on getting enough knowledge, and getting knowledge about AIDS during clinical practices had a positive effect on the AKS scores of the students (p<0.05). According to the grade level of the students, the mean scores of AAS and AKS were statistically different (p<0.05). As a result of the study, it was determined that having education about AIDS had a positive effect on knowledge about AIDS of midwifery students but not their attitudes towards AIDS. This study revealed that professional education had great importance in improving knowledge and attitudes about AIDS.

Keywords: Midwifery; student; AIDS; knowledge; attitude; professional education
REFERENCES:
  1. Gökengin D. Türkiye'de HIV infeksiyonu: hedefe ne kadar yakınız? [HIV infection in Turkey: How close are we to the target?]. Klimik Dergisi. 2018;31(1):4-10. [Crossref] 
  2. UNAIDS Data 2018. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Geneva: 2018. Erişim linki: Erişim tarihi: 01/03/2019 [Link] 
  3. Sağlık Bakanlığı. HIV-AIDS İstatistik. [Link] 
  4. Gökengin D, Çalık Ş, Öktem P. Türkiye'de HIV'le ilgili damgalama ve ayrımcılığın analizi: HIV'le yaşayan kişiler için damgalanma göstergesi sonuçları. [Analysis of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination in Turkey: Results of the people living with HIV stigma index]. Klimik Dergisi. 2017;30(1):15-21. [Crossref] 
  5. Bayrak B, Keten S, Fincancı M. Sağlık çalışanlarının HIV/AIDS olgularına yaklaşımları. [Attitude of health personnel towards people living with HIV]. Klimik Dergisi. 2014;27(3):103-8. [Crossref] 
  6. Ndikom CM, Onibokun A. Knowledge and behaviour of nurse/midwives in the prevention of vertical transmission of HIV in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs. 2007;6:9. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  7. Akgün-Kostak M, Ünsar S, Kurt-Sadırlı S. Hemşire ve ebelerin AIDS'e karşı tutumlarının belirlenmesi. [Determination of midwives' and nurses' attitudes to AIDS]. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing. 2009;17(2):76-86. [Link] 
  8. Walusimbi M, Okonsky JG. Knowledge and attitude of nurses caring for patients with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Appl Nurs Res. 2004;17(2):92-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  9. Ben Natan M, Dubov D, Raychlin M. Nursing students' willingness to care for human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in the future. Nurse Educ. 2015;40(6):E1-5. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  10. Iwoi DMW, Nde PF, Yuh E, Kwenti ET, Tshimwanga EK, Achiri DT, et al. Assessment of the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice with regard to care of people living with HIV/AIDS among nursing and midwifery students in Fako, Cameroon. World Journal of AIDS. 2017;7(1):1-15. [Crossref] 
  11. Abolfotouh MA, Saleh SAA, Mahfouz AA, Abolfotouh SM, Fozan HMA. Attitudes of Saudi nursing students on AIDS and predictors of willingness to provide care for patients in Central Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Pract. 2013;1-11. [Crossref] 
  12. Babaoğlu ÜT, Demir G, Biçer S. Hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin HIV/AIDS hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi. [Assessment of the knowledge level of students of department of nursing about HIV/AIDS and attitudes toward it]. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2018;8(1):18-24. [Link] 
  13. Aydemir N, Yakın İ, Arslan H. AIDS bilgi ve tutum ölçeklerinin geliştirilmesi ve psikometrik özelliklerinin sınanması. [Developing AIDS knowledge and AIDS attitude scales and assessing their reliability and validity] Psikoloji Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2018;38(1):73-93. [Crossref] 
  14. Farotimi AA, Nwozichi CU, Ojediran TD. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination reduction among nursing students in southwest Nigeria. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2015;20(6):705-11. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  15. Sambah F, Hormenu T, Ahinkorah BO, Hagan JE, Schack T. Nurses/midwifery trainees' knowledge, attitudes and utilization of HIV testing/counselling service in the central region of Ghana. Journal of Health Science. 2018;6:449-60. [Crossref] 
  16. Dharmalingam M, Poreddi V, Gandhi S, Chandra R. Undergraduate nursing students' knowledge and attitude toward people living with human immuno deficiency virus/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome. International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research. 2015;2(1):22-7. [Crossref] 
  17. Akpotor ME, Emuraye UA, Akpotor OE, Oyibocha EO, Ogheneriode I, Chigbo CA. Knowledge about HIV and HIV stigma mechanism of nursing students in Southwestern Nigeria. International Journal of Caring Sciences. 2018;11(2):819-30. [Link] 
  18. Özakgül AA, Şendir M, Atav AS, Kızıltan B. Attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients and empathic tendencies: a study of Turkish undergraduate nursing students. Nurse Educ Today. 2014;34(6):929-33. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  19. Ledda C, Cicciù F, Puglisi B, Ramaci T, Nunnari G, Rapisarda V. Attitude of Health Care Workers (HCWs) toward Patients Affected by HIV/AIDS and Drug Users: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14(3):284. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  20. Mondal H, Mondal S, Baidya C. Knowledge and attitude toward human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among Ayurveda medical students: A single institute experience. Med J DY Patil Univ. 2017;10(6):548-54. [Link] 
  21. Suominen T, Laakkonen L, Lioznov D, Polukova M, Nikolaenko S, Lipiäinen L, et al. Russian nursing students' knowledge level and attitudes in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - a descriptive study. BMC Nurs. 2015;14(1):1. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  22. Leyva-Moral JM, Terradas-Robledo R, Feijoo-Cid M, Dios-Sánchezc RD, Mestres-Camps L, Lluva-Casta-o A, et al. Attitudes to HIV and AIDS among students and faculty in a school of nursing in Barcelona (Spain): A cross-sectional survey. Collegian. 2017;24(6):593-601. [Crossref] 
  23. Zeren ŞG, Alıcı D, Ay F. Nursing students' attitudes towards HIV/AIDS: Ağrı, İstanbul and Mersin samples from Turkey. Education in Medicine Journal. 2012;4(1):e74-85. [Crossref] 
  24. Toker SO, Küçükyılmaz Ü. Ege Üniversitesi Ödemiş sağlık yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin HIV/AIDS bilgi düzeylerinin eğitim öncesi ve sonrasında değerlendirilmesi. [Evaluation of HIV/AIDS knowledge level of the students of Ege University Ödemiş Health School before and after education]. Ege Tıp Dergisi. 2001;40(2):91-7. [Link] 
  25. Nanayakkara GN, Choi EO. Effectiveness of AIDS education program on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes in Sri Lanka. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice. 2018;8(6):1-9. [Crossref] 
  26. Rai P, Adhikari A, Bajracharya M. Effect of educational intervention on knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS among nursing assistant students of Shree Birendra Hospital, Nepal. Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital. 2016;15(1):9-16. [Crossref] 
  27. Li Y, Scott CS, Li L. Chinese nursing students' HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and practice intentions. Appl Nurs Res. 2008;21(3):147-52. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com