Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Ebeveyn Besleme Davranışlarının 2-6 Yaş Çocuklarda Fazla Kiloluluk ve Obezite Üzerine Etkisi: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Investigation of the Effect of Parental Feeding Behaviors in Relation to Overweight and Obesity in Children Aged 2-6: A Descriptive Research
Aslı Ayça ÖZYAZGAN TOKAYa , Fuat ZENGİNb , Adnan TOKAYc , Erkan PEHLİVANd
aAkçadağ Şehit Gökhan Aslan Devlet Hastanesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Kliniği, Malatya, Türkiye
bBostanbaşı 2 no'lu Aile Sağlığı Merkezi, Malatya, Türkiye
cAkçadağ Şehit Gökhan Aslan Devlet Hastanesi, Malatya, Türkiye
dİnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı AD, Emekli Öğretim Üyesi, Malatya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2025;10(2):274-81
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-105297
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, Malatya ilinde bir aile sağlığı merkezine başvuran annelerin besleme davranışlarının, 2-6 yaşlarındaki çocukların fazla kiloluluk ve obezite üzerinde etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Veriler Malatya ili Yeşilyurt ilçesine bağlı Bostanbaşı 2 no'lu Aile Sağlığı Merkezi'ne 2021 yılı Şubat ve Mart aylarında başvuran 2-6 yaş çocuğu olan 261 anneye gönüllülük esasına dayalı anket formu uygulanarak Google Form aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Katılımcılara uygulanan anket formu 3 bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde ebeveyne ait bazı sosyodemografik özellikler, 2. bölümde çocuğa ait bazı sosyodemografik özellikler, 3. bölümde ise ebeveyn besleme tarzı ölçeği yer almaktadır. Çalışma için etik kurul onayı ve ilgili kurumdan gereken izin alınmıştır. Veriler SPSS 22.0 ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada üniversite ve üzeri öğrenimi olan annelerin ölçek toplam puanı ve yemeye teşvik alt ölçek puanı, lise ve altı öğrenimi olan annelerden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek; yardımcı besleme alt ölçek puanı ise anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ölçek toplam ve alt ölçek puanları ile çocukta hastalık varlığı, babanın öğrenim düzeyi, algılanan ekonomik durum, aylık kişi başına yiyeceğe ayrılan para miktarı ve çocuğun beden kitle indeksi arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Hastalığı olan çocuklarda yardımcı besleme alt ölçek puanı anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0,036). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada fazla kiloluluk ve obezite ile ebeveyn davranışları arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmamıştır. Çocukta hastalık varlığı, anne öğrenim düzeyinin düşük olması, gün içerisinde çocuğun bakımını annenin üstlenmesi ve çocuğun yemek yeme sıklığının az olması ebeveynlerde yardımcı besleme davranışını artırmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Obezite; besleme tarzı; okul öncesi çocuk
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of the study is to examine the effects of feeding behaviors of mothers who applied to a family health center in Malatya province on overweight and obesity of their children aged 2-6 years. Material and Methods: The data were collected via Google Form by applying a voluntary survey form to 261 mothers with children aged 2-6 who applied to Bostanbaşı no. 2 Family Health Center in Yeşilyurt district of Malatya province in February and March 2021. The questionnaire form applied to the participants consists of 3 parts. In the 1st part, some socio-demographic characteristics belonging to the parents, in the 2nd part some sociodemographic characteristics of the child, and in the 3rd part, the parent feeding style scale were be included. Ethics committee approval and necessary permission from the relevant institution were obtained for the study. The data were evaluated with SPSS 22.0. Results: In the study, mothers with university or higher education had significantly higher scale total score and encouragement to eat subscale scores than mothers with high school or lower education; the auxiliary feeding subscale score was significantly lower (p<0,05). No significant relationship between the total and subscale scores of scale and the presence of illness in the child, father's education level, perceived economic status, the amount of money allocated for food per person per month and the child's body mass index (p>0,05). The auxiliary feding subscale score were found to be significantly higher in children who have disease (p=0,036). Conclusion: In the this study, no significant relationship was found between overweight and obesity and parental behavior. The presence of illness in the child, the low education level of the mother, the mother's taking care of the child through out the day, and the low frequency of eating the child increase the helping feeding behavior in the parents.

Keywords: Obesity; feeding methods; preschool child
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