Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: REVIEW
Kritik Altyapılardan Nükleer Santrale Yönelik Olası Siber Saldırılara Müdahale Konusunda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Fransa ve Türkiye'nin İdari Yapılarının İncelenmesi: Geleneksel Derleme
Investigation of the Administrative Structures of the United States of America, France and Turkey on Response to Possible Cyber Attacks from Critical Infrastructures to the Nuclear Power Plant: Traditional Review
Abdullah GENCAYa, Esra ARSLANb, Sait ÖZSOYc, Nergis CANTÜRKb
aAnkara Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bAnkara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
cAnkara Gülhane Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Adli Tıp Kliniği, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2022;19(1):49-61
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2021-84226
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye'de de internet kullanımı giderek artmaktadır. Bu durum siber suçların da sık yaşanmasına neden olmaktadır. Bazen vatandaşlar bazen de devletin kritik altyapıları suçtan etkilenmektedir. 2010 yılında İran Natanz Uranyum Zenginleştirme Tesisine Stuxnet olarak isimlendirilen siber saldırının fiziksel bir tesise dijital yollarla yapılmış en büyük saldırı olduğu kabul edilir ve devletlerin siber güvenliğe muhafazakâr bakışını değiştirmiştir. 2008 yılında Bakü Tiflis Ceyhan boru hattına ülkemiz sınırlarında yapılmış saldırı ve 2015 yılında ülke genelinde meydana gelen elektrik kesintilerinin siber saldırı olup olmadığı konusunda şüpheler hâlâ devam etmektedir. Tüm bu gelişmeler nükleer tesisleri de kapsayan kritik altyapıların tamamına yönelik siber saldırılardan korunmanın ülkemiz için de önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Ülkemiz, 2023 yılında 2 farklı nükleer tesiste 8 nükleer reaktöre sahip olma yolunda ilerlemektedir. Siber korunma sadece saldırı anını içeren kısa dönemli reaktif eylemlerden öte, saldırı öncesinde düzenli olarak güvenlik açıklarının araştırıldığı, tüm cihazların yazılımsal olarak güncelliğinin sürekli kontrol edildiği, personelin farkındalık seviyesinin düzenli olarak güçlendirildiği, paket çözümü bulunmayan, güçlü bir denetleme çerçevesinin oluşturulması gerekliliklerinin sürekli üzerinde durulması gerekmekte olan dinamik bir yapıda olmalıdır. Bu çalışma ile nükleer siber emniyet konusunda ülkemizin mevcut yapısının yanında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Fransa gibi nükleer reaktör işletimi alanında 2 öncü ülkenin idari yapıları incelenmiş ve ülkemizde bu anlamda mevcut durumun değerlendirmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, ülkemizde nükleer tesislerin ve kritik altyapıların siber emniyetinin sağlanması konusunda sorumlulukların daha net tanımlanması gerektiği, nükleer emniyet kültürünün bir yaşam döngüsü şeklinde algılanarak oluşturulması gerektiği, öncelikle ilgili kurumlar sonrasında ülke genelini kapsayacak farkındalık faaliyetlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi gerektiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kritik altyapı; nükleer tesis; siber saldırı; siber güvenlik; nükleer enerji
ABSTRACT
 Internet usage is increasing in Turkey as well as in the world. The growing variation on cyber space causes cybercrime to be committed more frequently. Sometimes citizens and sometimes critical infrastructures, which means the state itself, may be affected by the crime. In 2010, a cyber attack on the Iranian Natanz Uranium Enrichment Facility named Stuxnet was the biggest attack on a physical facility. There are still doubts on whether attacks on the Baku Tbilisi Ceyhan pipeline in 2008 and the blackout in the country in 2015 were cyber ones. All these instances show that protecting the critical infrastructure which includes nuclear facilities from cyber-attacks is also important for our country. Our country is on the way to own 8 nuclear reactors in 2 different nuclear facilities in 2023. Cyber protection requires constant consideration of security vulnerabilities, regularly strengthening the level of awareness of the stuff instead of shortterm reactive actions during attack. With this study, in addition to the current structure of our country in nuclear cyber security, the existing structures of two leading countries in the field of nuclear reactor operation, such as the United States of America and France, were examined and it was aimed to evaluate the current situation in our country in this sense. It was concluded that the responsibilities for ensuring the cyber security of nuclear facilities and critical infrastructures in our country should be defined more clearly, that the nuclear safety culture should be perceived as a life cycle.

Keywords: Critical infrastructure; nuclear facility; cyber attack; cyber security; nuclear energy
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30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com