Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Biostatistics

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Performance Comparison of Support Vector Machines, Random Forest and Artificial Neural Networks in Binary Classification: Descriptive Comparison Study
İkili Sınıflandırmada Destek Vektör Makineleri, Rastgele Orman ve Yapay Sinir Ağlarının Performans Karşılaştırması: Tanımlayıcı Kıyaslama Çalışması
Emre DİRİCANa, Zeki AKKUŞb
aDepartment of Biostatistics, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, TURKEY
bDepartment of Biostatistics, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Diyarbakır, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Biostat. 2021;13(3):236-51
doi: 10.5336/biostatic.2021-81105
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In this study, it was aimed to find the method with high classification success among the methods used in the study by comparing the supervised machine learning methods according to the classification performance. Material and Methods: In our study, both the real data set obtained from 302 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma and 24 different data sets obtained by simulation were used to compare the classification performance of support vector machines, random forest and artificial neural networks. The success of classifications of the methods used was compared according to the general accuracy, F-measure, Matthews correlation coefficient, area under the curve (AUC) and discriminant power in breast cancer data. In addition, the difference in training-test accuracy in the simulation data and the significance of this difference were also evaluated. Results: The highest survival classification accuracy (80%) for the test set of stage III patients with invasive ductal carcinoma was obtained from support vector machines (SVM) with the radial-based kernel. The highest values in other performance metrics (F-measure=0.87, Matthews correlation coefficient=0.22, AUC=0.89 and discriminant power=0.52), and the most successful results in simulation data were generally obtained from SVM. Conclusion: SVM had higher accuracy in both the real data set and simulation data than random forest and artificial neural networks.

Keywords: Machine learning; classification; breast cancer; support vector machines; random forest
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmada, danışmanlı makine öğrenimi yöntemleri sınıflama performansına göre kıyaslanarak, çalışmada kullanılan yöntemlerin içerisinden sınıflama başarısı yüksek olan yöntemin bulunması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda, destek vektör makineleri, rastgele orman ve yapay sinir ağları yöntemlerinin sınıflama performanslarını kıyaslamak için hem invaziv duktal karsinomlu 302 hastadan elde edilen gerçek veri seti hem de simülasyonla elde edilen 24 farklı veri seti kullanıldı. Kullanılan yöntemlerin sınıflama başarıları meme kanseri verilerinde genel doğruluk, F-ölçütü, Matthews korelasyon katsayısı, eğri altında kalan alan [area under the curve (AUC)] ve ayırsama gücüne göre kıyaslandı. Ayrıca simülasyon verilerinde eğitim-test doğrulukları farkı ve bu farkın anlamlılığı da değerlendirildi. Bulgular: İnvaziv duktal karsinomlu evre III hastalarının test seti için en yüksek sağkalım sınıflama doğruluğu (%80), radyal tabanlı çekirdek ile destek vektör makinelerinden [support vector machines (SVM)] elde edildi. Diğer performans ölçütlerindeki (F-ölçütü=0,87; Matthews korelasyon katsayısı=0,22; AUC=0,89 ve ayırsama gücü=0,52) en yüksek değerler ve simülasyon verilerinde en başarılı sonuçlar, genel olarak SVM'den elde edilmiştir. Sonuç: SVM, hem gerçek veri setinde hem de simülasyon verilerinde, rastgele orman ve yapay sinir ağlarına göre daha yüksek doğruluk oranına sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Makine öğrenimi; sınıflama; meme kanseri; destek vektör makineleri; rastgele orman
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