Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Prekonsepsiyonel Dönem Risk Farkındalık Ölçeği'nin Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği: Metodolojik Çalışma
Development, Validity and Reliability of the Preconceptional Period Risk Awareness Scale: A Methodological Study
Öznur HASDEMİRa , Zeliha Burcu YURTSALb
aSivas İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü, Sivas, Türkiye
bSivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ebelik Bölümü, Sivas, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2025;10(2):391-402
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-106398
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı doğurganlık çağındaki kadınların prekonsepsiyonel dönem risk farkındalıkları düzeyini değerlendirmeye yönelik bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma metodolojik tiptedir. Araştırmanın örneklemini 18-49 yaş arası doğurganlık çağında olan toplamda 949 kadın oluşturmuştur. Prekonsepsiyonel Dönem Risk Farkındalık Ölçeği'nin (PDRFÖ) madde havuzu literatür ve uzman görüşlerine dayanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında veriler, 92 maddeden oluşan 5'li Likert tipinde bir ölçek deneme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler, IBM SPSS 23.0 ve AMOS 21 programı ile incelenmiştir. Analiz aşamasında tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, Kaiser-MeyerOlkin (KMO) testi örneklem büyüklüğünün yeterli düzeyde olduğunu (KMO=0,898) ve Bartlett küresellik testi maddeler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunduğunu (χ²(666)=7096,464 p<0,01) göstermektedir. Açıklayıcı faktör analizinde (AFA) ölçeğin 8 faktör altında toplandığı belirlenmiştir. DFA, AFA'da elde edilen yapının doğrulandığını ve mükemmel bir uyum sağladığını göstermektedir. Güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizleri sonucunda, ölçeğin toplamda 37 madde ve 8 faktörden oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Faktörlerin ölçeğe ilişkin açıkladıkları toplam varyans oranı %60,393'tür. Ölçeğin genelinde Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısının 0,900 olması, ölçeğin güvenilirliğinin oldukça yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonucunda, PDRFÖ'nün doğurganlık çağında olan Türk toplumundaki kadınların prekonsepsiyonel dönem risk farkındalıkları düzeyinin değerlendirilmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir değerlendirme aracı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Prekonsepsiyonel bakım; farkındalık; güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik; risk değerlendirmesi; kadın sağlığı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aims to develop a scale for assessing risk awareness during the preconception period in women of reproductive age. Material and Methods: The research is methodological in type. The study included a sample of 949 women aged 18 to 49 who are of childbearing age. The item pool of the Preconceptional Period Risk Awareness Scale (PPRAS) is based on literature and expert opinions. In the study, data were collected using a trial form featuring 92 items on a 5-point Likert scale. The study's data were examined with the help of IBM SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 21 software. Descriptive statistics, validity and reliability study analyses were performed in the analysis of the data. Results: The results of the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test indicated that the sample size was adequate, with a KMO value of 0.898. Additionally, the Bartlett's sphericity test indicated a sufficient level of correlation among the items to perform factor analysis (χ2 (666)=7096.464, p<0.01). The exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale is grouped under 8 factors. The confirmatory factor analysis confirms the structure identified in the exploratory factor analysis and shows a perfect fit. The reliability and validity analyses revealed that the scale comprises a total of 37 items and 8 factors. The factors account for a total variance of 60.393% related to the scale. A Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.900 for the scale demonstrates that its reliability is significantly high. Conclusion: This study found that the PPRAS is a valid and reliable assessment tool for measuring the level of risk awareness related to the preconception period among women of reproductive age in Turkish society.

Keywords: Preconception care; awareness; reproducibility of results; risk assessment; women's health
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