Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: REVIEW
Erken Evliliklere Neden Olan Faktörler, Tutum ve Kadın Sağlığı Üzerine Etkisi
The Factors Causing Early Marriages, Their Attitudes and Their Effects on Women's Health
Fatma ZERENa, Elif GÜRSOYa
aEskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Eskişehir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2020;12(1):124-32
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-70358
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Bu çalışmada; özellikle kız çocuklarının sağlığını ve yaşamını olumsuz etkileyen ve son yıllarda daha görünür hâle gelen erken evliliklerin; literatür ışığında hukuk sistemindeki yerini, nedenlerini, erken evliliklere yönelik tutumu ve kadın sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini derinlemesine ele almak amaçlanmıştır. Yaygınlığı ve nedenleri toplumdan topluma değişen erken yaşta evlilikler her iki cinsiyette görülse de en çok kız çocuklarını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu evliliklere neden olan faktörlerin başında; yoksulluk, eğitimsizlik, kültürel ve dini değerler, aile namusunu koruma kaygısı ve toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizlikleri gelmektedir. Erken evliliklere neden olan bu faktörler bireylerin bu evliliklere olan tutumunu da beraberinde etkilemektedir. Bu evliliklerin yaygın olduğu toplumlarda erken yaşta evlen(diril)en, eğitim seviyesi ve erken evliliğe yönelik bilgi düzeyi düşük kız çocuklarının tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu, erken evliliği daha çok destekledikleri bildirilmektedir. Bu evliliklerin, aynı zamanda kadın sağlığı üzerinde; erken yaşta olumsuz cinsel ilişki deneyiminin yaşanmasına, cinsel uyumsuzluk ve cinsel sorunlara, istenmeyen gebelik oranında artışa, erken ve sık gebeliklere, sağlıksız düşük ve küretajlara, anne-çocuk ölümlerinde artan risklere, artan HIV insidansına, cinsel yolla bulaşan diğer enfeksiyonlara, fiziksel ve cinsel şiddete vb. olumsuz sonuçlara yol açtığı bilinmektedir. Erken evliliklerin kadın bedeni ve hayatı üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda; erken evliliğe neden olan faktörlerin ortadan kaldırılabilmesi için gerekli önlemlerin alınması, bu evliliklerin kadın sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz sonuçları hakkında kadınlarda farkındalık oluşturulması, erken evliliklere yönelik sıkı yasal uygulamaların uygulanması, kadınların sağlık hizmetlerinden daha fazla yararlanmalarının desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Erken evlilik; çocuk gelin; tutum; kadın sağlığı
ABSTRACT
 The aim of this review is to examine in depth the place, causes, attitudes towards early marriages and the negative effects on women's health in the legal system in light of the literature of early marriages which have a negative impact on the health and life of girls and which have become more visible in recent years. Early marriages, which vary in prevalence and causes from society to society, are seen in both sexes, but mostly affect girls. At the beginning of these marriages; poverty, lack of education, cultural and religious values, anxiety of protecting family honor ve and gender inequalities. These factors that cause early marriages also affect the attitudes of individuals to these marriages; it is reported that the attitudes of girls with low marital status, education level and low level of knowledge about early marriage are more positive and support more early marriage in societies where these marriages are widespread. These marriages are also on women's health; to experience negative sexual intercourse at an early age, sexual mismatch and sexual problems, increase in unwanted pregnancy rate, early and frequent pregnancies, unhealthy abortions and curetages, increased risks of mother-child deaths, increased HIV incidence, sexually transmitted infections, physical and sexual violence. etc. It is known to cause negative consequences. Considering the negative effects of early marriages on female body and life; necessary measures should be taken in order to eliminate the factors that cause early marriages, to raise awareness on the negative consequences of these marriages on women's health, to implement strict legal practices for early marriages and to support women to benefit more from health services.

Keywords: Early marriage; child bride; attitude; women health
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-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

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Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

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Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

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