Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Türkçe Fonolojik Farkındalık Testi: Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlilik Çalışması
The Development, Validity and Reliability of Turkish Phonological Awareness Test
Deniz KAZANOĞLUa, Murat DOĞANb, Özlem ÜNAL LOGACEVc
aOndokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Dil ve Konuşma Terapisi Bölümü, Samsun, TÜRKİYE
bAnadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Özel Eğitim Bölümü, Eskişehir, TÜRKİYE
cİstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Dil ve Konuşma Terapisi Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2020;5(1):22-37
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2019-70156
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: 4;0-8;11 yaş aralığındaki tipik gelişim gösteren çocukların fonolojik farkındalık becerilerini ölçen geçerli ve güvenilir bir test geliştirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Türkçe Fonolojik Farkındalık Testi (FFT), dört dilbilimsel düzeyi içeren 16 alt testten oluşmaktadır. FFT, 524 tipik gelişim gösteren (TGG) ve 30 konuşma sesi bozukluğu olan (KSB) katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. Uygulamalar iki pilot uygulama ve bir ana uygulama olmak üzere üç aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. FFT'nin geçerliliğini test etmek için kapsam geçerliliği, yapı geçerliliği, ayırt edici geçerlilik analizleri; güvenirliliğini test etmek için iç tutarlılık ve nesnellik analizleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular: FFT'nin kapsam geçerliliğini sağlamak için uzman görüşü alınmıştır ve deneme uygulamalarından elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. FFT'nin dilbilimsel düzey açısından 4 boyutlu ve görevler açısından 16 boyutlu kuramsal yapısı doğrulayıcı faktör analiziyle doğrulanmıştır. Korelasyona dayalı yöntemlerle de alt test puanları ile toplam test puanı arasındaki ilişki saptanmış ve yapı geçerliliği desteklenmiştir. FFT'nin TGG'li grupla KSB'li grubu ayırt etme gücünün yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. İç tutarlılık analizleri, Kuder Richardson (K-20) ve yarıya bölme yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Puanlayıcılar arası güvenirlilik ve gözlemciler arası güvenililik ile nesnellik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu analizler sonucunda da FFT'nin güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Sonuç: FFT, 4;0-8;11 yaş aralığındaki tipik gelişim gösteren çocukların fonolojik farkındalık becerilerini değerlendirmek için kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Fonolojik farkındalık; geçerlilik; güvenirlilik; Türkçe Fonolojik Farkındalık Testi (FFT)
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The purpose of the study is to develop a reliable and valid test to measure phonological awareness skills of typically developing children between 4;0-8;11 years of age. Material and Methods: Turkish Phonological Awareness Test (FFT) consists of 16 subtests with four linguistic levels. FFT was administered to 524 typically developing (TD) children and 30 children with speech sound disorders (SSD). The study was carried out in three stages as two pilot study and one main study. Content validity, construct validity, discriminant validity analyses were used to explore the validity of FFT. Internal consistency and objectivity analyses were used to explore the reliability of FFT. Results: The content validity of FFT has been provided by the expert opinion and the results obtained from the pilot studies. The results revealed the factorial structure of FFT with the confirmatory factor analysis both four-dimensional linguistic levels and sixteen-dimensional tasks. The relationship between the subtest scores and the total test score was tested by correlation-based methods and the construct validity was supported. FFT's discriminant validity was found to be high in terms of TD and SSD groups. Internal consistency analyzes were performed with Kuder Richardson (K- 20) and split-half methods. Inter-rater reliability and interobserver reliability analyzes were also performed. The results revealed that FFT is a reliable assessment tool. Conclusion: FFT is a valid and reliable assessment tool to assess phonological awareness skills of typically developed children between 4;0-8;11 years of age.

Keywords: Phonological awareness; validity; reliability; Turkish Phonological Awareness Test (FFT)
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